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Questions and Answers
What motivated the formation of the Vienna Psychoanalytic Society in 1908?
What motivated the formation of the Vienna Psychoanalytic Society in 1908?
- A quest for fame and recognition
- Scientific collaboration and discussion
- A desire to address child seduction
- Personal animosity and jealousy (correct)
According to Freud, what is primarily contained in the unconscious mind?
According to Freud, what is primarily contained in the unconscious mind?
- Drives, urges, or instincts beyond awareness (correct)
- Social relationships and interactions
- Thoughts about current events
- Memories that are easily recalled
What was Freud's original theory about the etiology of neuroses?
What was Freud's original theory about the etiology of neuroses?
- They develop due to adult trauma
- They are derived from childhood seduction by a parent (correct)
- They emerge from environmental stressors
- They arise from biological factors only
Which statement reflects Freud's view of the nature of personal relationships among professionals?
Which statement reflects Freud's view of the nature of personal relationships among professionals?
What is encompassed within the preconscious level of mental life?
What is encompassed within the preconscious level of mental life?
Which level of mind contains elements not currently conscious but can be brought into awareness?
Which level of mind contains elements not currently conscious but can be brought into awareness?
What term does Freud use to describe the experiences passed on from early ancestors?
What term does Freud use to describe the experiences passed on from early ancestors?
Which of the following best describes the primary drives according to Freud?
Which of the following best describes the primary drives according to Freud?
Which of the following is considered part of consciousness?
Which of the following is considered part of consciousness?
What motivates individuals to seek pleasure and reduce tension and anxiety according to Freud?
What motivates individuals to seek pleasure and reduce tension and anxiety according to Freud?
According to Freud, what does the unconscious explain?
According to Freud, what does the unconscious explain?
In Freud's theory, what is the role of the ego?
In Freud's theory, what is the role of the ego?
How can ideas reach consciousness according to the presented theories?
How can ideas reach consciousness according to the presented theories?
Which of the following is NOT considered a component of anxiety in Freud's theory?
Which of the following is NOT considered a component of anxiety in Freud's theory?
What characterizes the preconscious level of the mind?
What characterizes the preconscious level of the mind?
Which of the following accurately describes the conscious level of mental life?
Which of the following accurately describes the conscious level of mental life?
Freud expanded the concept of libido to include what aspects beyond sexual instincts?
Freud expanded the concept of libido to include what aspects beyond sexual instincts?
Which of the following areas of the body are specifically referred to as erogenous zones?
Which of the following areas of the body are specifically referred to as erogenous zones?
What type of forgetting does Freud associate with the unconscious?
What type of forgetting does Freud associate with the unconscious?
What are the manifestations of the sexual drive, often referred to by Freud as Eros?
What are the manifestations of the sexual drive, often referred to by Freud as Eros?
What is the primary aim of the sexual drive according to Freud?
What is the primary aim of the sexual drive according to Freud?
What is realistic anxiety primarily associated with?
What is realistic anxiety primarily associated with?
Which defense mechanism involves pushing unwanted thoughts into the unconscious?
Which defense mechanism involves pushing unwanted thoughts into the unconscious?
What is an example of denial as a defense mechanism?
What is an example of denial as a defense mechanism?
Which situation best illustrates reaction formation?
Which situation best illustrates reaction formation?
How are repressed impulses often expressed?
How are repressed impulses often expressed?
Which of the following best describes sublimation?
Which of the following best describes sublimation?
What behavior might indicate fixation as a defense mechanism?
What behavior might indicate fixation as a defense mechanism?
Which of the following defense mechanisms is characterized by expressing one's own unacceptable feelings onto another?
Which of the following defense mechanisms is characterized by expressing one's own unacceptable feelings onto another?
What defense mechanism involves redirecting unacceptable urges to different people or objects?
What defense mechanism involves redirecting unacceptable urges to different people or objects?
Which term describes the phenomenon of remaining in a current psychological stage due to anxiety?
Which term describes the phenomenon of remaining in a current psychological stage due to anxiety?
What is the term for reverting to an earlier psychological stage due to stress and anxiety?
What is the term for reverting to an earlier psychological stage due to stress and anxiety?
Which mechanism involves attributing unwanted impulses to another person?
Which mechanism involves attributing unwanted impulses to another person?
What does introjection refer to in psychological terms?
What does introjection refer to in psychological terms?
Which defense mechanism is described as repressing genital urges and substituting them with cultural goals?
Which defense mechanism is described as repressing genital urges and substituting them with cultural goals?
What is the purpose of rationalization in psychological defense mechanisms?
What is the purpose of rationalization in psychological defense mechanisms?
If a teenager adopts traits from a celebrity they idolize, what psychological concept are they exhibiting?
If a teenager adopts traits from a celebrity they idolize, what psychological concept are they exhibiting?
Study Notes
Dynamics of Personality
- People are motivated to seek pleasure and reduce tension and anxiety.
- This motivation comes from psychical and physical energy, springing from basic drives.
- This energy originates in the Id and is controlled by the Ego.
Drives
- The two basic drives are Sex and Aggression.
Sex (Eros)
- The aim of the sexual drive is pleasure, not limited to genital satisfaction.
- The entire body is invested with libido.
- Libido is associated with the psychic and pleasurable feelings associated with gratification of life instincts.
- The mouth and anus are also erogenous zones.
Manifestations of Sex or Eros
- Narcissism
- Love
- Sadism
- Masochism
Aggression (Thanatos)
- Aggression is seen as a destructive force that can be directed inward or outwards.
- It is a drive for death, destruction, and aggression.
- It can be expressed in many ways, including violence, anger, and hatred.
Anxiety
- Neurotic Anxiety: Caused by the ego's fear of losing control over the id's impulses.
- Moral Anxiety: Caused by the ego's fear of punishment from the superego.
- Realistic Anxiety: Arises from a real external threat.
Defense Mechanisms
- Normal and universally used.
- May lead to neurotic behaviour when carried to extremes.
Repression
- Forces threatening objects to the unconscious.
- Examples include repressed memories of abuse or trauma.
Denial
- Denies the existence of an external threat or traumatic event
- Examples include parents who deny the death of a child.
Reaction Formation
- Adopts an exaggerated disguise opposite to the original form.
- Examples include someone who deeply resents their mother but feels compelled to show affection towards them.
Displacement
- Redirects unacceptable urges onto a different target.
- Examples include expressing anger at a coworker after an argument with a spouse.
Fixation
- Remaining in a current psychological stage due to anxiety.
- Examples include an oral fixation which manifests as a desire for continued eating, smoking, or talking.
Regression
- Reversion to an earlier stage in response to stress and anxiety.
- Examples include a weaned child demanding a bottle in response to a new sibling being born.
Projection
- Attributing unwanted impulses to an external object, usually another person.
- Examples include a cheating spouse who suspects their partner of cheating.
Introjection
- Incorporation of positive qualities of another person into the ego.
- Examples include a teenager who idolizes a celebrity and adopts their style and mannerisms.
Sublimation
- Repression of genital aim by replacing it with a socially acceptable aim.
- Examples include channeling aggressive drives into creative pursuits, like art or music.
Rationalization
- Reinterpreting behavior to make it seem more rational and acceptable.
- Examples include justifying a bad decision by creating a logical explanation for it.
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Description
Explore the key concepts of personality dynamics, including the roles of pleasure-seeking motivations, basic drives of sex and aggression, and the impact of anxiety. This quiz covers the psychological frameworks governing Eros and Thanatos. Test your knowledge on how these elements influence human behavior.
