Dynamic Gait Index (DGI) ومعدله

Study Notes

The DGI assesses walking tasks with varying demands.
It consists of 8 walking tasks:
- Walking on a level surface
- Changing walking speed
- Walking while turning the head horizontally and vertically
- Maintaining balance during quick changes in direction
- Walking over obstacles
- Walking around obstacles
- Climbing stairs
Each task is scored on a 4-point scale:
- 3 points: No dysfunction
- 2 points: Minimal impairment
- 1 point: Moderate impairment
- 0 point: Severe impairment
Maximum score: 24 points
Scores of 22 to 24 points are average for people in their 80s (70-80 years old).
Lower scores indicate greater impairment in balance and functional mobility, increasing the risk of falls.
The DGI evaluates balance, functional mobility, and gait.

An expanded version of the original DGI.
Includes additional scoring for time, level of assistance (LOA), and gait pattern (GP).
Time: Measures the time taken to complete each task.
LOA: Assesses the assistance needed using a 3-point scale.
GP: Evaluates the quality of the gait using a 4-point scale (Normal, Mild Impairment, Moderate Impairment, Severe Impairment).
Total score: 0 to 64 points
Higher scores indicate better performance.
The mDGI provides a comprehensive evaluation of gait and balance.

An expanded version of the DGI.
Designed to evaluate postural stability during various walking tasks.
It consists of 10 tasks.
Each task is scored on a 4-point scale:
- 0 = Severe impairment
- 1= Moderate impairment
- 2 = Mild impairment
- 3= Normal ambulation
Maximum score: 30 points
A score of 22/30 helps to predict fall risk in community-dwelling older adults; scores below 22 indicate greater risk of falling.
FGA assesses gait, balance, and postural stability.

A 7-item scale designed to estimate fall risk in elderly adults.
The participant walks on an 8-meter level surface and is videotaped.
Each item (7 items) is scored on a 4-point scale (0 = Normal; 1 = Mildly impaired, 2 = Moderately impaired, and 3 = Severely impaired).
Each gait item is rated during video playback in slow motion.
GARS-M assesses gait variability, guardedness, staggering, initial contact, hip range of motion, shoulder extension, and arm-heel strike synchrony.
Total score: 0 to 21 points
A score of 9 or higher indicates a higher risk of falls.

Long Version: Measures the relationship between gait abnormalities and falls in elderly, and is predictive of future falls; Includes detailed categories.
Short Version: A simpler tool with fewer items, also predictive of future falls; Focuses on critical categories (staggering, arm-heel-strike synchrony, variability, foot contact, hip ROM, shoulder extension, and guardedness).