Dynamic Gait Index (DGI) ومعدله

Dynamic Gait Index (DGI)

• The DGI assesses walking tasks with varying demands.
• It consists of 8 walking tasks:
  • Walking on a level surface
  • Changing walking speed
  • Walking while turning the head horizontally and vertically
  • Maintaining balance during quick changes in direction
  • Walking over obstacles
  • Walking around obstacles
  • Climbing stairs
• Each task is scored on a 4-point scale:
  • 3 points: No dysfunction
  • 2 points: Minimal impairment
  • 1 point: Moderate impairment
  • 0 point: Severe impairment
• Maximum score: 24 points
• Scores of 22 to 24 points are average for people in their 80s (70-80 years old).
• Lower scores indicate greater impairment in balance and functional mobility, increasing the risk of falls.
• The DGI evaluates balance, functional mobility, and gait.

Modified Dynamic Gait Index (mDGI)

• An expanded version of the original DGI.

• Includes additional scoring for time, level of assistance (LOA), and gait pattern (GP).

• Time: Measures the time taken to complete each task.

• LOA: Assesses the assistance needed using a 3-point scale.

• GP: Evaluates the quality of the gait using a 4-point scale (Normal, Mild Impairment, Moderate Impairment, Severe Impairment).

• Total score: 0 to 64 points

• Higher scores indicate better performance.

• The mDGI provides a comprehensive evaluation of gait and balance.

Functional Gait Assessment (FGA)

• An expanded version of the DGI.
• Designed to evaluate postural stability during various walking tasks.
• It consists of 10 tasks.
• Each task is scored on a 4-point scale:
  • 0 = Severe impairment
  • 1= Moderate impairment
  • 2 = Mild impairment
  • 3= Normal ambulation
• Maximum score: 30 points
• A score of 22/30 helps to predict fall risk in community-dwelling older adults; scores below 22 indicate greater risk of falling.
• FGA assesses gait, balance, and postural stability.

Modified Gait Abnormality Rating Scale (GARS-M)

• A 7-item scale designed to estimate fall risk in elderly adults.
• The participant walks on an 8-meter level surface and is videotaped.
• Each item (7 items) is scored on a 4-point scale (0 = Normal; 1 = Mildly impaired, 2 = Moderately impaired, and 3 = Severely impaired).
• Each gait item is rated during video playback in slow motion.
• GARS-M assesses gait variability, guardedness, staggering, initial contact, hip range of motion, shoulder extension, and arm-heel strike synchrony.
• Total score: 0 to 21 points
• A score of 9 or higher indicates a higher risk of falls.

GARS - Long Version vs Short Version

• Long Version: Measures the relationship between gait abnormalities and falls in elderly, and is predictive of future falls; Includes detailed categories.
• Short Version: A simpler tool with fewer items, also predictive of future falls; Focuses on critical categories (staggering, arm-heel-strike synchrony, variability, foot contact, hip ROM, shoulder extension, and guardedness).

يغطي هذا الاختبار تقييم المشي عبر مهام مختلفة. يشمل ثماني مهام مشي يتم تقييمها على مقياس من 0 إلى 3. تعتبر الدرجات المنخفضة مؤشراً على الضعف في التوازن والحركة، مما يزيد من خطر السقوط.