Duodenum and Pancreas
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Questions and Answers

Which class of nutrients largely makes up the tissues of the sea star and the herring gull?

  • Carbohydrates
  • Proteins (correct)
  • Minerals
  • Vitamins
  • Which of the following is NOT one of the essential nutrients required by animals?

  • Vitamins
  • Essential amino acids
  • Essential fatty acids
  • Nucleic acids (correct)
  • Which of the following is NOT a source of complete proteins?

  • Most plant proteins (correct)
  • Eggs
  • Cheese
  • Meat
  • Which category of animals sifts small food particles from the surrounding medium?

    <p>Filter feeders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of breaking food down into molecules small enough to absorb?

    <p>Digestion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nutrients are required in the diet in very small amounts?

    <p>Vitamins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can happen if a diet does not provide enough chemical energy?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method do scientists use to study the microbiome?

    <p>DNA sequencing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main cause of stomach ulcers?

    <p>H. pylori</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of fecal microbial transplantation?

    <p>To treat diarrhea caused by Clostridium difficile</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormones regulate glucose homeostasis?

    <p>Insulin and glucagon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of diabetes is characterized by the destruction of beta cells in the pancreas?

    <p>Type 1 diabetes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the tests for diabetes?

    <p>Urine sugar test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What hormone triggers feelings of hunger before meals?

    <p>Ghrelin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main cause of obesity?

    <p>Excess accumulation of fat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organ produces the proteases trypsin and chymotrypsin, which are activated in the lumen of the duodenum?

    <p>Pancreas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major component of bile and facilitates digestion of fats by dispersing big droplets of fats to small droplets?

    <p>Bile salts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the small intestine has a huge surface area due to villi and microvilli that are exposed to the intestinal lumen?

    <p>Jejunum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the extension of the human cecum called, which plays a minor role in immunity?

    <p>Appendix</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of digestion occurs in compartments that are continuous with the outside of the animal’s body?

    <p>Extracellular digestion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a digestive tube with two openings, a mouth and an anus?

    <p>Alimentary canal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which glands secrete digestive juices through ducts into the alimentary canal in mammals?

    <p>Salivary glands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the coordinated contraction and relaxation of stomach muscles that churn the stomach’s contents?

    <p>Peristalsis</p> Signup and view all the answers

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