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Questions and Answers

Abraham Maslow's Holistic-Dynamic Theory is also known as:

Five-Factor Trait Theory
Biologically Based Factor Theory
Person-Centered Theory (correct)
Existential Psychology

Which of the following is NOT one of the core assumptions of Maslow's Holistic-Dynamic Theory?

People everywhere are motivated by the same basic needs.
Motivation is always driven by a single, isolated need. (correct)
Needs can be arranged on a hierarchy or pyramid.
People are continually motivated by one need or another.

According to Maslow, how does the concept of prepotency work in the Hierarchy of Needs?

Lower-level needs take precedence over higher-level needs when they are not satisfied. (correct)
Higher-level needs are more important than lower-level needs.
All needs are equally important and can be satisfied simultaneously.
Lower-level needs must be fully satisfied before higher-level needs become motivators.

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of physiological needs as described by Maslow?

They are less important than other needs. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a safety need as described by Maslow?

The need for security and stability. (D) Signup and view all the answers

According to Maslow, once a need is satisfied, it no longer has any motivational power.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

What does Maslow mean by 'basic anxiety'?

Basic anxiety is experienced when adults are unsuccessful in their attempts to satisfy their safety needs. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered a component of Maslow's Love and Belongingness Needs?

The desire for meaningful work (D) Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes self-esteem from reputation?

While reputation is based on the perception others have of a person's prestige, self-esteem encompasses an individual's own feelings of worth and confidence. Signup and view all the answers

Self-actualization is the highest need in Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs.

True (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of self-actualizing individuals according to Maslow?

They are naturally expressive and strive to live authentically. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of an 'insistent' neurotic need?

It is usually temporary and easily satisfied. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Cognitive needs are synonymous with self-actualization.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

Aesthetic needs are universal and present in every culture.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the central concept of Roger's Person-Centered Theory?

The central concept is that all individuals have an inherent drive toward self-actualization, and the therapist aims to guide and support this innate process of growth and self-discovery. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT one of Carl Rogers' core conditions for creating a therapeutic environment?

Direct Instruction (D) Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes 'Formative tendency' from 'Actualizing tendency' in Roger's theory?

Formative tendency refers to the inherent drive in all matter, both living and non-living, to evolve from simpler to more complex forms, while actualizing tendency represents the drive in all living organisms to reach their full potential and strive for personal growth and self-fulfillment. Signup and view all the answers

According to Roger's theory, the therapist's role is to provide advice and direction to the client for achieving personal growth.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a potential outcome of Rogerian therapy as described by Rogers?

Clients become fully dependent on the therapist for guidance and support. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'metamotivation' refer to in Maslow's theory?

The motivations that drive self-actualization. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which concept is NOT central to Roger's theory of personality?

The Unconscious (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered a core principle of Roger's client-centered approach?

The therapist must actively diagnose the client's psychological problems. (C) Signup and view all the answers

According to Skinner, internal states like feelings and thoughts are irrelevant to understanding behavior.

True (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main idea behind Skinner's theory of operant conditioning?

Behaviors are shaped by the consequences they produce. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Maslow's Holistic-Dynamic Theory

A theory of motivation that emphasizes the whole person and the complexity of human needs, rather than individual parts.

Hierarchy of Needs

Maslow's arrangement of needs in priority order, with lower-level needs needing satisfaction before higher-level needs motivate behavior.

Physiological Needs

Basic survival needs like food, water, and oxygen; the most prepotent needs that can be overly satisfied.

Safety Needs

Needs for security, stability, and protection from threats; important for children, less so for adults.