Drugs for Atherosclerosis Prevention
25 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the primary mechanism of action for statins in cholesterol synthesis?

  • Block cholesterol absorption in the intestine
  • Inhibit HMG-CoA reductase (correct)
  • Increase bile acid production
  • Enhance triglyceride breakdown

Which adverse effect is commonly associated with the use of statins?

  • Hyperkalemia
  • Rashes
  • Myopathy (correct)
  • Bloating

What is the role of bile acid binding agents in cholesterol management?

  • Bind bile acids to lower LDL (correct)
  • Reduce VLDL levels
  • Increase cholesterol absorption
  • Increase LDL levels

Which drug class is primarily used to treat hypertriglyceridemia?

<p>Fibric Acid Derivatives (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following drugs is an example of a Sterol Absorption Inhibitor?

<p>Ezetimibe (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common effect of Fibric Acid Derivatives on triglycerides?

<p>Decrease VLDL levels (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which therapeutic effect is NOT typical for statins?

<p>Increasing liver cholesterol levels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which adverse effect is associated with the use of Gemfibrozil?

<p>Myopathy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of drug mechanism is responsible for the adverse effect of rashes?

<p>Statins (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately describes the function of Sterol Absorption Inhibitors?

<p>Reduce plasma cholesterol levels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary action of statins in cholesterol management?

<p>Inhibit HMG-CoA, a rate-limiting step in cholesterol biosynthesis. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the effect of sterol absorption inhibitors?

<p>Decrease the absorption of cholesterol and bile. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do fibrate acid derivatives affect triglycerides?

<p>They promote the breakdown of triglycerides in adipose tissue. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the PSCE9 inhibitor aim to achieve in the liver?

<p>Enhance the liver's ability to remove cholesterol from blood. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is associated with decreasing VLDL secretion?

<p>Fibrate acid derivatives (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common effect of statins on liver function?

<p>They inhibit HMG-CoA, reducing cholesterol production. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action for sterol absorption inhibitors?

<p>They decrease the absorption of cholesterol in the intestine. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of bile acid binding agents like Cholestyramine?

<p>They inhibit the reabsorption of bile acids. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do monoclonal antibodies like Alirocumab affect LDL-cholesterol levels?

<p>They decrease LDL-cholesterol by 60-70%. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a limitation of using certain LDL-lowering drugs?

<p>They may not be effective due to patient-specific factors. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a condition that these drugs may not effectively treat?

<p>Upper respiratory tract infections. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one mechanism by which bile acid binding agents reduce cholesterol levels?

<p>By enhancing cholesterol excretion. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following side effects is associated with the use of monoclonal antibodies for lowering LDL-cholesterol?

<p>Skin reactions. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do bile acids play in cholesterol metabolism?

<p>They enhance the excretion of cholesterol. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of prolonged bile acid binding treatment?

<p>Reduction in bowel movement frequency. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Bile acid binding resins

Drugs that bind to bile acids in the intestine, preventing their reabsorption and increasing their excretion.

Cholesterol reduction

Decreasing cholesterol levels in the body.

LDL-cholesterol

Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; a type of cholesterol in the blood.

Hyperlipoproteinemia

High levels of lipids (fats) in the blood.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Monoclonal antibodies

Laboratory-produced antibodies that target specific molecules in the body.

Signup and view all the flashcards

LDL reduction by monoclonal antibodies

Decreasing LDL-cholesterol levels using antibodies.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Liver limitation

The liver's limited ability to process some drugs.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Last resort drug/medication

A medicine considered as a final option for a specific problem/condition if other treatments aren’t effective, or if there are limitations in efficacy.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Statins

Medications that block cholesterol production by inhibiting the HMG-CoA reductase enzyme.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Sterol absorption inhibitors

Drugs that lower cholesterol by reducing its absorption from the gut.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Fibrate acid derivatives

Lower VLDL secretion and enhance the breakdown of triglycerides in adipose tissue.

Signup and view all the flashcards

PCSK9 Inhibitors

These medications inhibit PCSK9 enzyme, improving the liver's ability to remove cholesterol from the blood.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Evolocumab

A type of PCSK9 inhibitor used to lower LDL cholesterol.

Signup and view all the flashcards

High LDL

High level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in the blood.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Cholesterol lowering

The process of reducing cholesterol levels in the blood.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Mechanism of Statins

Statins inhibit the enzyme that produces cholesterol, causing the liver to remove more cholesterol than is produced.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Statin Adverse Effects

Statins can cause muscle pain or weakness (myopathy), and other side effects, which may negatively impact the first therapeutic effect or line treatment strategies.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Ezetimibe

A drug that inhibits cholesterol absorption in the GI tract.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Fibric Acid Derivatives (e.g., Gemfibrozil)

Drugs that increase the breakdown of triglycerides and VLDL and can also directly lower LDL.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Hypertriglyceridemia

High levels of triglycerides in the blood.

Signup and view all the flashcards

VLDL

Very-low-density lipoprotein; a type of lipoprotein that transports triglycerides.

Signup and view all the flashcards

LDL

Low-density lipoprotein; a type of lipoprotein that carries cholesterol.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Cholesterol lowering drugs

Variety of medications that reduce cholesterol levels in the blood to prevent atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular diseases.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Bile acid binding drugs

Drugs that bind to bile acids, preventing their reabsorption and increasing their excretion, leading to lower cholesterol levels.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Study Notes

Drugs for Atherosclerosis Prevention

  • Statins: Inhibit HMG-CoA reductase, a rate-limiting step in cholesterol synthesis. Lower LDL cholesterol and cholesterol levels. Adverse effects include muscle pain (myopathy) and liver dysfunction. Typically used with statins.

  • Sterol Absorption Inhibitors (e.g., Ezetimibe): Inhibit cholesterol absorption in the gut, further lowering LDL cholesterol levels.

  • Fibric Acid Derivatives (e.g., Gemfibrozil): Reduce VLDL levels by increasing the breakdown of triglycerides and decreasing the secretion of VLDL from the liver, resulting in lower VLDL and triglycerides. Adverse effects include GI upset, myopathy, and hyperkalemia.

  • Bile Acid Binding Resins (e.g., Cholestyramine): Bind bile acids in the intestines, preventing their reabsorption and increasing their excretion. This increases cholesterol excretion and lowers LDL levels. Adverse effects are bloating and constipation.

  • PCSK9 Inhibitors (e.g., Alirocumab, Evolocumab): Inhibit PCSK9, a protein that reduces the liver's ability to remove cholesterol from the body. This leads to higher LDL removal. Adverse affects include mild skin rash and upper respiratory infections. Lowering LDL cholesterol when other drugs do not work. Used as a last resort when other drugs do not work. More expensive than the other classes. Difficult issues with compliances or infections.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Quiz Team

Related Documents

Drugs for Atherosclerosis Prevention PDF

Description

This quiz covers various classes of drugs used to prevent atherosclerosis, including their mechanisms of action, benefits, and potential side effects. Key topics include statins, sterol absorption inhibitors, fibric acid derivatives, and bile acid binding resins. Test your knowledge on how these medications impact cholesterol levels and cardiovascular health.

More Like This

Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Open
Browser
Browser