The importance of the pharmokinetic profile
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a key process in the pharmacokinetics of a drug?

  • Absorption
  • Distribution
  • Excretion (correct)
  • Metabolism

    • What is the term used to describe the maximum concentration of a drug in the plasma?

  • Tmax
  • Elimination phase
  • Therapeutic window
  • C Max (correct)

    • What is the desired level of drug concentration for therapeutic dosing?

  • Minimal effective concentration (correct)
  • Elimination phase
  • Therapeutic window
  • Tmax

    • Which of the following is a main route of drug excretion?

    <p>Lungs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the affinity of drugs for transporters in the nephron?

    <p>Polarity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is drug clearance?

    <p>The measure of drug elimination efficiency (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor determines the magnitude of VD for drugs?

    <p>Affinity for tissue proteins (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'half-life' refer to?

    <p>The time for the drug concentration to halve (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the slope of K denote in the concentration decay?

    <p>The order of the reaction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which route of drug administration has an instant rate of absorption?

    <p>Intravenous bolus administration (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of drug administration shows a linear rate of absorption with time?

    <p>Intravenous infusion administration (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process involves enzymatic conversion of a drug to a metabolite?

    <p>Drug metabolism (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a factor that influences drug clearance?

    <p>Bioavailability (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the volume of distribution (VD) in pharmacokinetics?

    <p>The volume into which a drug appears to be distributed with a concentration equal to that of plasma (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which form of the drug can cross over the porous capillary membranes?

    <p>Free drug (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a key process in the pharmacokinetics of a drug?

    <p>Absorption (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the maximum concentration of a drug in the plasma?

    <p>Cmax (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'half-life' refer to?

    <p>The time it takes for a drug to be eliminated from the body (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organ clearances are included in the calculation of drug clearance?

    <p>Hepatic, renal, and pulmonary (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for calculating drug clearance after intravenous dosing?

    <p>Dose divided by area under the curve (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of bioavailability?

    <p>Extent of absorption from the administration site to the measurement site (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about drug absorption via infusion?

    <p>The rate of absorption is independent of the amount of drug present (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process makes a drug more water-soluble by oxidation, reduction, or hydrolysis?

    <p>Phase 1 metabolism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme family is responsible for metabolizing a majority of drugs?

    <p>Cytochrome P450 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors determines the volume of distribution (VD) of a drug?

    <p>Affinity for tissue proteins (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the half-life of a drug?

    <p>The time it takes for the drug to be eliminated from the body (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the slope of K represent in the concentration decay of a drug?

    <p>The order of the reaction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors can affect the extent of renal excretion of a drug?

    <p>The lipophilicity of the drug and the pH difference between urine and blood (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of organic anion transporters and organic cation transporters in the nephron?

    <p>Recognize weak acids and weak basic drugs for secretion into the lumen of the nephron (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is drug clearance?

    <p>A measure of the efficiency of drug elimination from the blood plasma (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which route of drug administration is dependent on the drug being absorbed into the circulatory system?

    <p>Oral administration (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the peak concentration of a drug in the plasma?

    <p>Cmax (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the phase in which drug levels reduce after reaching the peak concentration?

    <p>Elimination phase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which route of drug administration has an absorption rate that is independent of the amount of drug present?

    <p>Intravenous administration (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase of drug metabolism involves the addition of a water-soluble molecule via synthetic conjugation?

    <p>Phase 2 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme family is responsible for the oxidation of drugs during phase 1 metabolism?

    <p>Cytochrome P450 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following determines the magnitude of VD (volume of distribution) for drugs?

    <p>Affinity for tissue proteins (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'half-life' refer to in pharmacokinetics?

    <p>The time it takes for the drug concentration to halve (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the slope of K denote in the concentration decay of a drug?

    <p>The order of the reaction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about drug excretion?

    <p>Drug excretion can occur via the kidneys, hepatobiliary system, lungs, milk, and sweat. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the affinity of drugs for transporters in the nephron?

    <p>The drug's polarity. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is drug clearance?

    <p>The measure of the efficiency of drug elimination. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT included in the calculation of drug clearance?

    <p>Intestinal clearance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for calculating drug clearance after oral dosing?

    <p>Clearance = F * Dose / Area under the curve (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the volume of distribution (VD) in pharmacokinetics?

    <p>The volume into which a drug appears to be distributed with a concentration equal to that of plasma (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the magnitude of VD for drugs?

    <p>The drugs irascible affinity for tissue proteins versus plasma proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the concept of half-life?

    <p>The time it takes for the concentration of a drug to halve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three types of reactions in concentration decay?

    <p>First, second, and zero order reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the slope of K denote in concentration decay?

    <p>The order of the reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of volume for VD?

    <p>Volume per kilogram bodyweight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the maximum concentration of a drug in the plasma?

    <p>Peak concentration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the enzymatic conversion of a drug to a metabolite?

    <p>Phase 1 metabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the desired level of drug concentration for therapeutic dosing?

    <p>Therapeutic concentration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the route of drug administration that depends on absorption into the circulatory system?

    <p>Oral administration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the addition of a water-soluble molecule via synthetic conjugation in drug metabolism?

    <p>Conjugation</p> Signup and view all the answers

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