NURS1060 Exam 2 Practice Number 2

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Questions and Answers

What primarily influences the phase of drug distribution?

Drug metabolism

Blood flow to tissues (correct)

Drug elimination

Drug formulation

Drug protein binding affects distribution by:

Increasing drug solubility

Reducing the amount of free drug available (correct)

Enhancing drug efficacy

Accelerating drug metabolism

A loading dose is typically used to:

Maintain therapeutic levels over time

Increase drug metabolism

Reduce side effects

Achieve therapeutic levels quickly (correct)

What is the primary purpose of a maintenance dose in pharmacotherapy?

To maintain drug concentrations within the therapeutic range Signup and view all the answers

The plasma drug level refers to:

The concentration of drug in the bloodstream Signup and view all the answers

The time course of a drug response is influenced by:

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

Pharmacodynamics primarily studies:

The effects of drugs on the body Signup and view all the answers

Efficacy refers to:

The maximum effect achievable by a drug Signup and view all the answers

The drug dose-response relationship describes:

The relationship between drug dose and its therapeutic effect Signup and view all the answers

An agonist is defined as:

A drug that enhances receptor activity Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes the action of a drug antagonist?

It blocks the action of an agonist by binding to the same receptor without activating it. Signup and view all the answers

The affinity of a drug for its receptor indicates:

The strength of the binding interaction Signup and view all the answers

The therapeutic index is:

Range between minimum effective concentration and toxic concentration where drug dosing aims to maintain levels. Signup and view all the answers

The primary site of drug metabolism in the body is:

Liver Signup and view all the answers

Effective drug metabolism generally results in:

Increased drug excretion Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following can influence drug metabolism?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

Drug excretion primarily occurs through:

Urine and bile Signup and view all the answers

Peak concentration refers to:

The highest concentration of drug in the bloodstream Signup and view all the answers

In older adults, pharmacokinetic changes may include:

Decreased hepatic metabolism Signup and view all the answers

Common causes of adverse drug reactions in older adults include:

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

The Beers List is designed to:

List potentially inappropriate medications for older adults Signup and view all the answers

Factors contributing to non-adherence in older adults may include:

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

Measures to promote adherence with drug treatment plans in older adults include:

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Drug Distribution

Drug protein binding influences drug distribution by affecting the amount of drug that is free to interact with tissues and exert its effects.
A loading dose is used to rapidly achieve therapeutic drug concentrations.
The maintenance dose is used to maintain the therapeutic drug concentration over time.
Plasma drug level refers to the concentration of a drug in the blood.
The time course of drug response is influenced by factors like absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion.
Pharmacodynamics studies the effects of drugs on the body.
Efficacy refers to the maximal effect a drug can produce.
The drug dose-response relationship describes the correlation between the dose of a drug and the magnitude of its effect.
An agonist is a drug that binds to a receptor and activates it.
An antagonist blocks the action of an agonist by preventing it from binding to its receptor, or by binding to the receptor without activating it.
Drug affinity for its receptor indicates how strongly the drug binds to the receptor.
The therapeutic index is a measure of the safety of a drug.
The primary site of drug metabolism in the body is the liver.
Drug metabolism generally results in the formation of inactive metabolites that can be excreted from the body.
Drug metabolism can be influenced by factors like age, genetics, and disease.
Drug excretion primarily occurs through the kidneys.
Peak concentration refers to the highest concentration of a drug in the blood after administration.
In older adults, pharmacokinetic changes may include decreased renal function, decreased hepatic metabolism, and increased body fat.
Common causes of adverse drug reactions in older adults include polypharmacy, drug interactions, and age-related changes in drug metabolism and excretion.
The Beers List is designed to identify medications that are potentially inappropriate for older adults.
Factors contributing to non-adherence in older adults may include forgetfulness, difficulty understanding instructions, and concerns about side effects.
Measures to promote adherence with drug treatment plans in older adults include simplifying medication regimens, providing clear instructions, and involving family members in the care process.

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Description

Explore the key factors that influence the phase of drug distribution in the body. This quiz will test your understanding of the physiological and chemical properties that affect how drugs are distributed, absorbed, and metabolized. Perfect for students and professionals in pharmacology or related fields.