Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the main purpose of suppositories?
What is the main purpose of suppositories?
- Treating constipation and haemorrhoids (correct)
- Treating skin conditions
- Treating respiratory infections
- Oral drug administration
Which part of the body is NOT considered for suppository administration?
Which part of the body is NOT considered for suppository administration?
- Rectum
- Urethra
- Oral cavity (correct)
- Vagina
Why is the anal route considered an excellent route for drug absorption?
Why is the anal route considered an excellent route for drug absorption?
- It provides an alternative for patients with swallowing difficulties (correct)
- It avoids drug absorption into the system
- It has a lower bioavailability compared to tablets
- It allows drug absorption through the liver
What is the significance of checking the bioavailability of a suppository compared to a tablet?
What is the significance of checking the bioavailability of a suppository compared to a tablet?
Which of the following is a commonly used suppository base?
Which of the following is a commonly used suppository base?
What is the primary purpose of most suppositories?
What is the primary purpose of most suppositories?
Why is the anal route considered an excellent route for drug absorption?
Why is the anal route considered an excellent route for drug absorption?
When swapping between a suppository and a tablet, what is important to check?
When swapping between a suppository and a tablet, what is important to check?
Suppositories are designed for oral administration.
Suppositories are designed for oral administration.
Suppository bases usually used include mixtures of polyethylene glycols.
Suppository bases usually used include mixtures of polyethylene glycols.
Most suppositories are prescribed for systemic effects.
Most suppositories are prescribed for systemic effects.
What is the primary difference between a suppository and an insert?
What is the primary difference between a suppository and an insert?
What makes rectal drug administration an attractive option compared to parenteral therapy?
What makes rectal drug administration an attractive option compared to parenteral therapy?
Under what circumstances does rectal administration become a good alternative to the oral route?
Under what circumstances does rectal administration become a good alternative to the oral route?
What is the primary purpose of using a base in suppositories and inserts?
What is the primary purpose of using a base in suppositories and inserts?
Suppositories are only suitable for producing local action, and cannot produce a systemic effect
Suppositories are only suitable for producing local action, and cannot produce a systemic effect
Rectal administration is often the first choice for drug delivery due to its convenience
Rectal administration is often the first choice for drug delivery due to its convenience
Inserts can be inserted into the mouth or rectum
Inserts can be inserted into the mouth or rectum
The low cost and lack of technical difficulties make rectal drug administration unattractive compared to parenteral therapy
The low cost and lack of technical difficulties make rectal drug administration unattractive compared to parenteral therapy
Which type of pharmaceutical preparation can be administered via the rectum for local or systemic effect?
Which type of pharmaceutical preparation can be administered via the rectum for local or systemic effect?
Which of the following is a rectal product of interest for administration via the rectum?
Which of the following is a rectal product of interest for administration via the rectum?
What are the three types of rectal products that may be administered for local or systemic effect?
What are the three types of rectal products that may be administered for local or systemic effect?
What is a potential use of urethral suppositories?
What is a potential use of urethral suppositories?
For what purpose can rectal suppositories be used systemically?
For what purpose can rectal suppositories be used systemically?
In what way can vaginal suppositories be used?
In what way can vaginal suppositories be used?
What is a key advantage of using suppositories for drug administration?
What is a key advantage of using suppositories for drug administration?
In what scenario are suppositories particularly useful?
In what scenario are suppositories particularly useful?
What advantage does the use of suppositories offer in pediatric patients?
What advantage does the use of suppositories offer in pediatric patients?
Suppositories can administer large doses of drugs
Suppositories can administer large doses of drugs
Suppositories are not useful in patients with nausea or vomiting
Suppositories are not useful in patients with nausea or vomiting
Suppositories achieve rapid drug absorption
Suppositories achieve rapid drug absorption
What is a disadvantage of suppositories related to drug absorption?
What is a disadvantage of suppositories related to drug absorption?
Which factor limits the dosage flexibility of suppositories?
Which factor limits the dosage flexibility of suppositories?
What aspect of suppositories makes drug absorption susceptible to interruption?
What aspect of suppositories makes drug absorption susceptible to interruption?
Suppositories have high fluid content available for drug dissolution
Suppositories have high fluid content available for drug dissolution
The lack of dosage flexibility is a disadvantage of suppositories
The lack of dosage flexibility is a disadvantage of suppositories
Suppositories are not affected by anorectal pathology in terms of effectiveness
Suppositories are not affected by anorectal pathology in terms of effectiveness
What is the primary route of drug absorption for medicaments absorbed in the lower part of the rectum?
What is the primary route of drug absorption for medicaments absorbed in the lower part of the rectum?
What effect does the volume of rectal fluid have on the dissolution of a suppository base?
What effect does the volume of rectal fluid have on the dissolution of a suppository base?
What is the process of drug absorption in the rectum primarily?
What is the process of drug absorption in the rectum primarily?
What leads to a painful sensation for the patient during the use of suppositories?
What leads to a painful sensation for the patient during the use of suppositories?
What does rectal absorption depend on?
What does rectal absorption depend on?
Which factor significantly influences rectal drug absorption?
Which factor significantly influences rectal drug absorption?
What is a critical determinant for rectal drug absorption?
What is a critical determinant for rectal drug absorption?
What is the primary physiological factor influencing drug absorption in the rectum?
What is the primary physiological factor influencing drug absorption in the rectum?
Under what conditions does the absorption of slightly soluble drugs become dissolution rate limited in the rectum?
Under what conditions does the absorption of slightly soluble drugs become dissolution rate limited in the rectum?
What factor can lead to enlargement of the volume of dissolution fluid in non-physiological conditions, influencing drug absorption in the rectum?
What factor can lead to enlargement of the volume of dissolution fluid in non-physiological conditions, influencing drug absorption in the rectum?
What has great effects on drug bioavailability in rectal administration?
What has great effects on drug bioavailability in rectal administration?
What is a key component of the contents of the rectum that may influence drug absorption?
What is a key component of the contents of the rectum that may influence drug absorption?
What type of motility is observed in the colon during upright position?
What type of motility is observed in the colon during upright position?
What is the relationship between solubility and dissolution rate in rectal drug absorption?
What is the relationship between solubility and dissolution rate in rectal drug absorption?
How does particle size affect drug absorption in the rectum?
How does particle size affect drug absorption in the rectum?
What is the impact of alkaline pH on the ionization of basic drugs in rectal drug absorption?
What is the impact of alkaline pH on the ionization of basic drugs in rectal drug absorption?
What is the pH range of rectal content, and how does it affect drug absorption?
What is the pH range of rectal content, and how does it affect drug absorption?
How does the partition coefficient of a drug influence its absorption?
How does the partition coefficient of a drug influence its absorption?
What effect does an alkaline pH have on the ionization of basic drugs in rectal drug absorption?
What effect does an alkaline pH have on the ionization of basic drugs in rectal drug absorption?
What factor can lead to enlargement of the volume of dissolution fluid in non-physiological conditions, influencing drug absorption in the rectum?
What factor can lead to enlargement of the volume of dissolution fluid in non-physiological conditions, influencing drug absorption in the rectum?
What is a key component of the contents of the rectum that may influence drug absorption?
What is a key component of the contents of the rectum that may influence drug absorption?
What type of motility is observed in the colon during upright position that may stimulate spreading and promote absorption in the rectum?
What type of motility is observed in the colon during upright position that may stimulate spreading and promote absorption in the rectum?
What has great effects on drug bioavailability in rectal administration?
What has great effects on drug bioavailability in rectal administration?
What is the primary function of the rectal valves?
What is the primary function of the rectal valves?
What controls the opening of the anus to the exterior?
What controls the opening of the anus to the exterior?
What is the terminal part of the rectum called?
What is the terminal part of the rectum called?
What is the pH range of rectal fluids?
What is the pH range of rectal fluids?
Which type of veins in the rectum contribute to direct systemic absorption?
Which type of veins in the rectum contribute to direct systemic absorption?
What effect does the presence of fecal matter have on drug absorption in the rectum?
What effect does the presence of fecal matter have on drug absorption in the rectum?
What is the pH of rectal mucous?
What is the pH of rectal mucous?
Which veins in the rectum connect with the hepatic portal system?
Which veins in the rectum connect with the hepatic portal system?
How much mucous does the rectum contain under normal conditions?
How much mucous does the rectum contain under normal conditions?
Under normal conditions, the rectum emptying and filling provokes a defecation reflex which is under voluntary control.
Under normal conditions, the rectum emptying and filling provokes a defecation reflex which is under voluntary control.
The rectum contains about 2 to 3 ml of mucous, which has a pH of 7.4 and little buffering capacity.
The rectum contains about 2 to 3 ml of mucous, which has a pH of 7.4 and little buffering capacity.
Only the superior vein connects with the hepatic portal system.
Only the superior vein connects with the hepatic portal system.
What effect does particle size have on drug dissolution and absorption?
What effect does particle size have on drug dissolution and absorption?
How does the physicochemical property of a lipophilic drug in a hydrophilic base affect its release?
How does the physicochemical property of a lipophilic drug in a hydrophilic base affect its release?
What impact does the partition coefficient have on the release of a lipophilic drug?
What impact does the partition coefficient have on the release of a lipophilic drug?
What impact does an irritating suppository base have on drug absorption in the rectum?
What impact does an irritating suppository base have on drug absorption in the rectum?
What characteristic must the base of a suppository have to release its drug for absorption?
What characteristic must the base of a suppository have to release its drug for absorption?
What is the consequence of the base of a suppository interacting with the drug to inhibit its release?
What is the consequence of the base of a suppository interacting with the drug to inhibit its release?
What is the primary purpose of using a base in suppositories?
What is the primary purpose of using a base in suppositories?
What is the primary function of rectal suppositories?
What is the primary function of rectal suppositories?
What makes suppositories particularly useful?
What makes suppositories particularly useful?
Suppositories are suitable for producing only local action, and cannot produce a systemic effect
Suppositories are suitable for producing only local action, and cannot produce a systemic effect
Suppositories may be used to produce a systemic effect or to exert a mechanical effect to facilitate emptying the lower bowel
Suppositories may be used to produce a systemic effect or to exert a mechanical effect to facilitate emptying the lower bowel
Suppositories are not suited for producing local action, and are only used for systemic effect
Suppositories are not suited for producing local action, and are only used for systemic effect
An ideal suppository base should be non-toxic and non-irritating to sensitive and inflamed tissues
An ideal suppository base should be non-toxic and non-irritating to sensitive and inflamed tissues
An ideal suppository base should dissolve or disintegrate in the presence of mucous secretions or melt at body temperature to allow for uniform release of the medication
An ideal suppository base should dissolve or disintegrate in the presence of mucous secretions or melt at body temperature to allow for uniform release of the medication
If the base is fatty, its saponification value should range from 200 to 245
If the base is fatty, its saponification value should range from 200 to 245
An ideal suppository base should remain molten for a sufficient period of time to allow pouring into molds
An ideal suppository base should remain molten for a sufficient period of time to allow pouring into molds
What is a key characteristic of an ideal suppository base?
What is a key characteristic of an ideal suppository base?
What additional requirement is necessary for a fatty suppository base?
What additional requirement is necessary for a fatty suppository base?
What is a crucial property of the base for a suppository containing dispersed solids?
What is a crucial property of the base for a suppository containing dispersed solids?
What is the primary purpose of the base in a suppository?
What is the primary purpose of the base in a suppository?
What does the saponification value measure in a suppository base?
What does the saponification value measure in a suppository base?
What does the solidification point indicate about a suppository base?
What does the solidification point indicate about a suppository base?
Why is the melting range expressed as a range rather than a specific temperature for suppository bases?
Why is the melting range expressed as a range rather than a specific temperature for suppository bases?
What does the source of origin refer to in suppository bases?
What does the source of origin refer to in suppository bases?
Suppository bases have a sharp melting point.
Suppository bases have a sharp melting point.
The saponification value measures the bonded and unbonded acids present in an oil or fat.
The saponification value measures the bonded and unbonded acids present in an oil or fat.
An ideal suppository base should remain molten for a sufficient period of time to allow pouring into molds.
An ideal suppository base should remain molten for a sufficient period of time to allow pouring into molds.
Suppositories are suitable for producing only local action, and cannot produce a systemic effect.
Suppositories are suitable for producing only local action, and cannot produce a systemic effect.
Water number measures the amount of water in grams that can be incorporated in 100 grams of fat.
Water number measures the amount of water in grams that can be incorporated in 100 grams of fat.
High iodine values in fats can lead to rancidity due to increased decomposition by moisture, acids, and oxygen.
High iodine values in fats can lead to rancidity due to increased decomposition by moisture, acids, and oxygen.
The acid value measures the number of milligrams of potassium hydroxide required to neutralize the free acid in 1 gram of substance.
The acid value measures the number of milligrams of potassium hydroxide required to neutralize the free acid in 1 gram of substance.
What does the iodine value measure in fats or other unsaturated materials?
What does the iodine value measure in fats or other unsaturated materials?
What does the water number measure in fats?
What does the water number measure in fats?
What does the acid value measure in a substance?
What does the acid value measure in a substance?
Which type of suppository base melts at body temperature?
Which type of suppository base melts at body temperature?
What type of bases dissolve in body fluids for drug release?
What type of bases dissolve in body fluids for drug release?
Which base is a combination of hydrophilic and lipophilic substances?
Which base is a combination of hydrophilic and lipophilic substances?
Suppositories that melt at body temperature are made of glycerinated gelatin bases.
Suppositories that melt at body temperature are made of glycerinated gelatin bases.
Suppositories can be made of a combination of hydrophilic and lipophilic substances.
Suppositories can be made of a combination of hydrophilic and lipophilic substances.
Cocoa butter is an example of a base that melts at body temperature.
Cocoa butter is an example of a base that melts at body temperature.
Suppositories are typically administered orally
Suppositories are typically administered orally
Suppositories may contain excipients such as lubricants and preservatives
Suppositories may contain excipients such as lubricants and preservatives
Suppository bases may be classified as oleaginous or water-soluble
Suppository bases may be classified as oleaginous or water-soluble
What are the primary requirements for a suitable basis for suppositories?
What are the primary requirements for a suitable basis for suppositories?
How are suppository bases classified based on their physical properties?
How are suppository bases classified based on their physical properties?
What is the importance of suppository base composition?
What is the importance of suppository base composition?
What is the melting range of cocoa butter, a common suppository base?
What is the melting range of cocoa butter, a common suppository base?
What type of crystals does cocoa butter exhibit when used as a suppository base?
What type of crystals does cocoa butter exhibit when used as a suppository base?
What effect do some substances have on the melting point of a fatty suppository base like cocoa butter?
What effect do some substances have on the melting point of a fatty suppository base like cocoa butter?
Oleaginous suppository bases, like cocoa butter, exhibit polymorphism, forming alpha crystals with low melting point and beta crystals with higher melting point.
Oleaginous suppository bases, like cocoa butter, exhibit polymorphism, forming alpha crystals with low melting point and beta crystals with higher melting point.
Wax may be added to the suppository base to reduce its melting point.
Wax may be added to the suppository base to reduce its melting point.
Cocoa butter, a common suppository base, melts at a temperature range of 30-36 °C.
Cocoa butter, a common suppository base, melts at a temperature range of 30-36 °C.
Oleaginous bases such as theobroma oil shrink significantly on solidification
Oleaginous bases such as theobroma oil shrink significantly on solidification
Theobroma oil exists in only one polymorphic form with a single melting point
Theobroma oil exists in only one polymorphic form with a single melting point
Theobroma oil should be heated at temperatures below 36 ºC to minimize the formation of unstable low melting point forms
Theobroma oil should be heated at temperatures below 36 ºC to minimize the formation of unstable low melting point forms
The addition of surfactants to theobroma oil may affect the release of drugs from suppositories
The addition of surfactants to theobroma oil may affect the release of drugs from suppositories
What is the recommended temperature for heating theobroma oil to minimize the formation of unstable low melting point forms?
What is the recommended temperature for heating theobroma oil to minimize the formation of unstable low melting point forms?
What can be added to theobroma oil to raise its melting point back to the desired range?
What can be added to theobroma oil to raise its melting point back to the desired range?
How can the absorptive capacity for water of theobroma oil be increased?
How can the absorptive capacity for water of theobroma oil be increased?
How can the oxidation of theobroma oil be partly overcome?
How can the oxidation of theobroma oil be partly overcome?
What is the primary purpose of using polyethylene glycols (PEGs) in suppositories?
What is the primary purpose of using polyethylene glycols (PEGs) in suppositories?
What is a characteristic of glycerinated gelatin bases used in suppositories?
What is a characteristic of glycerinated gelatin bases used in suppositories?
What is a potential drawback of using water soluble / miscible bases in suppositories?
What is a potential drawback of using water soluble / miscible bases in suppositories?
Water soluble / miscible bases dissolve quickly for rapid drug release
Water soluble / miscible bases dissolve quickly for rapid drug release
Glycerinated gelatin bases are hygroscopic and may cause dehydration and irritation to rectal mucosa
Glycerinated gelatin bases are hygroscopic and may cause dehydration and irritation to rectal mucosa
Polyethylene glycols with varying molecular weights are usually prepared with low melting PEGs to avoid melting at body temperature and leakage
Polyethylene glycols with varying molecular weights are usually prepared with low melting PEGs to avoid melting at body temperature and leakage
Suppository bases containing synthetic triglycerides do not exhibit polymorphism.
Suppository bases containing synthetic triglycerides do not exhibit polymorphism.
Suppository bases containing synthetic triglycerides mainly contain unsaturated acids.
Suppository bases containing synthetic triglycerides mainly contain unsaturated acids.
Suppository bases containing synthetic triglycerides have advantages over cocoa butter in terms of polymorphism.
Suppository bases containing synthetic triglycerides have advantages over cocoa butter in terms of polymorphism.
What is a key advantage of synthetic triglycerides over cocoa butter in suppositories?
What is a key advantage of synthetic triglycerides over cocoa butter in suppositories?
What is a characteristic of the acids present in synthetic triglycerides used in suppositories?
What is a characteristic of the acids present in synthetic triglycerides used in suppositories?
What is the primary composition of synthetic triglycerides used in suppositories?
What is the primary composition of synthetic triglycerides used in suppositories?
Hand rolling or compression prepared using historic methods
Hand rolling or compression prepared using historic methods
Molding (fusion) method is the most frequently used method for preparing suppositories
Molding (fusion) method is the most frequently used method for preparing suppositories
What is the third step in the suppository molding process?
What is the third step in the suppository molding process?
What is the primary purpose of using a base in suppositories?
What is the primary purpose of using a base in suppositories?
What is the final step in the process of molding suppositories?
What is the final step in the process of molding suppositories?
What factor alters the weight of suppositories prepared in the same mold with different bases?
What factor alters the weight of suppositories prepared in the same mold with different bases?
What determines the volume of material a suppository mold can hold in each opening?
What determines the volume of material a suppository mold can hold in each opening?
How does the use of different bases affect the weight of suppositories prepared in the same mold?
How does the use of different bases affect the weight of suppositories prepared in the same mold?
What does physical analysis of suppositories include?
What does physical analysis of suppositories include?
Which aspect is covered under chemical testing of suppositories?
Which aspect is covered under chemical testing of suppositories?
What is included in the physical analysis of suppositories?
What is included in the physical analysis of suppositories?
What is included in the pharmacopeia quality control procedures for suppositories?
What is included in the pharmacopeia quality control procedures for suppositories?
What can compounded suppositories be checked for?
What can compounded suppositories be checked for?
What is a part of the quality control procedures for suppositories?
What is a part of the quality control procedures for suppositories?
What is the recommended storage condition for cocoa butter suppositories?
What is the recommended storage condition for cocoa butter suppositories?
How does high humidity affect water soluble suppositories?
How does high humidity affect water soluble suppositories?
Why are glycerinated gelatin suppositories packaged in tightly closed glass containers?
Why are glycerinated gelatin suppositories packaged in tightly closed glass containers?
Why do most suppository formulations not contain preservatives or antioxidants?
Why do most suppository formulations not contain preservatives or antioxidants?
When may an appropriate preservative be indicated in a suppository formulation?
When may an appropriate preservative be indicated in a suppository formulation?
Why are most suppository formulations free from antioxidants?
Why are most suppository formulations free from antioxidants?
What should be done with suppositories stored in the refrigerator before insertion?
What should be done with suppositories stored in the refrigerator before insertion?
How should bullet shaped suppositories be inserted?
How should bullet shaped suppositories be inserted?
What is recommended for cocoa butter suppositories before insertion?
What is recommended for cocoa butter suppositories before insertion?
