Drug Classifications Chapter 16 Flashcards

Drug Classifications Overview

• Infix: A stem in a generic name placed in the middle (e.g., methylprednisolone).
• INN: Stands for International Nonproprietary Name, representing a generic name for drugs.
• NSAID: Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug, with ibuprofen as a common example.

Prefixes and Suffixes

• Prefix: A meaningful beginning of a generic name (e.g., cef- indicates a cephalosporin antibiotic like cefdinir).
• Suffix: A meaningful ending of a generic name (e.g., -cillin indicates penicillin antibiotics).

Key Medical Systems and Processes

• RAAS: Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System; critical for regulating blood pressure.

Drug Classification by Stems

• Stem: Refers to a meaningful letter group in a drug's generic name that helps in classification.
• -olol: Indicates a beta-blocker medication.
• -stigmine: Pertains to cholinesterase inhibitors used for treating myasthenia gravis.
• -triptan: Generic name stem for migraine treatments.

Generic Drug Names

• Duloxetine: Generic for Cymbalta, used for depression and anxiety.
• Gabapentin: Generic for Neurontin, used for neuropathic pain and seizures.
• Fluoxetine: Generic for Prozac, an SSRI used for depression.
• Atomoxetine: Generic for Strattera, indicated for ADHD.

Seizure Medications

• -toin: Stem indicating seizure treatment medications, such as phenytoin and carbamazepine, with their generic names being Dilantin and Tegretol respectively.

Benzodiazepines

• -azepam / -azolam: Stems indicating benzodiazepines (antianxiety medications).
• Lorazepam: Generic for Ativan.
• Clonazepam: Generic for Klonopin.
• Alprazolam: Generic for Xanax.

Parkinson's Disease Treatment

• Carbidopa/Levodopa: Generic name for Sinemet, used for Parkinson's symptoms.

Miscellaneous Drug Names

• Sumatriptan: Generic for Imitrex for treating migraines.
• Eletriptan: Generic for Relpax for migraine relief.
• Sertraline: Generic for Zoloft, an SSRI used to treat depression.
• Venlafaxine: Generic for Effexor, an antidepressant.

Antipsychotic Medications

• Amitriptyline: Brand name is Elavil, used for depression.
• Haloperidol: Brand name is Haldol, antipsychotic medication.
• Olanzapine: Generic for Zyprexa, used for bipolar disorder and schizophrenia.
• Clozapine: Generic for Clozaril, another antipsychotic medication.

Corticosteroid Medications

• Fludrocortisone: Generic for Florinef, used in adrenal insufficiency.
• Hydrocortisone: Generic for Cortef, a corticosteroid used for various conditions.

Antidiabetic Medications

• Metformin: Generic for Glucophage, commonly used for type 2 diabetes.
• Pioglitazone: Generic for Actos, another antidiabetic medication.
• Glimepiride: Generic for Amaryl, indicated for type 2 diabetes.
• Glipizide: Generic for Glucotrol, another type 2 diabetes treatment.
• Glyburide: Generic for DiaBeta, also for managing diabetes.

Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors

• Sitagliptin: Generic for Januvia, used to improve blood sugar control.
• Saxagliptin: Generic for Onglyza, another medication for type 2 diabetes.

Common Over-the-Counter Medications

• Acetaminophen: Generic name for Tylenol, used for pain relief.
• Aspirin: Generic name for Ecotrin, an analgesic and antipyretic.
• Ibuprofen: Generic for Advil, an NSAID used for pain relief.