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Questions and Answers
Which term refers to the study of the effects of drugs on living organisms?
Which term refers to the study of the effects of drugs on living organisms?
What is the name given to a drug before it becomes official?
What is the name given to a drug before it becomes official?
What type of doctor's order is carried out at once or immediately?
What type of doctor's order is carried out at once or immediately?
Which part of a legal doctor's order specifies the primary intended effects of a drug?
Which part of a legal doctor's order specifies the primary intended effects of a drug?
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What is the term for the unintended effect of a drug?
What is the term for the unintended effect of a drug?
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What does the official name of a drug represent?
What does the official name of a drug represent?
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Which term describes the emotional reliance on a drug to maintain a sense of well-being?
Which term describes the emotional reliance on a drug to maintain a sense of well-being?
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What is the term for the unexpected peculiar response to a drug?
What is the term for the unexpected peculiar response to a drug?
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Which effect occurs when two drugs have a combined effect greater than the sum of each individual agent acting independently?
Which effect occurs when two drugs have a combined effect greater than the sum of each individual agent acting independently?
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What term describes the inappropriate intake of a substance, either continually or periodically?
What term describes the inappropriate intake of a substance, either continually or periodically?
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Which process involves the transport of drug molecules faster through a single layer of cells?
Which process involves the transport of drug molecules faster through a single layer of cells?
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Which term refers to the process by which a drug passes from its site of administration into the bloodstream?
Which term refers to the process by which a drug passes from its site of administration into the bloodstream?
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Study Notes
Definition of a Drug
- A drug is a chemical given to people to treat, prevent, or diagnose a disease or illness.
Types of Drug Names
- Prescription Name: given to a drug before it becomes official
- Official Name: the name listed in official publications
- Chemical Name: precisely describes a drug's constituents
- Brand Name (Trademark): the name given by the manufacturer
Pharmacology and Posology
- Pharmacology: the study of drugs' effects on living organisms
- Posology: the study of dosage or amount of drugs given in disease treatment
Types of Doctor's Orders
- Standing Order: carried out until a specified period or discontinued by another order
- Single Order: carried out once only
- STAT Order: carried out immediately
- PRN Order: carried out as the patient requires
Parts of a Legal Doctor's Order
- Patient's Name
- Date and Time
- Name of Drug
- Dose of Drug
- Route of Administration
- Time of Frequency
- Signature of the Physician
Effects of Drugs
Therapeutic Effects
- Primary effects intended, the reason the drug is prescribed
- Desired effect
Adverse Effects
- Side effects: unintended effects of the drug
- Drug allergy: immunologic reaction to a drug
- Anaphylactic reaction: severe allergic reaction following drug administration
- Drug tolerance: decreased physiologic response to repeated drug administration
- Cumulative effect: increasing response to repeated drug doses
- Idiosyncratic effect: unexpected peculiar response to a drug
- Drug abuse: inappropriate intake of a substance
- Drug dependence: reliance or need to take a drug
- Addiction: biochemical changes in body tissues, especially the nervous system
- Habituation: emotional reliance on a drug for a sense of well-being
Drug Interactions
- Drug interaction: effects of one drug modified by another drug
- Drug antagonism: conjoint effect of two drugs is less than each drug separately
- Summation: combined effect of two drugs equals the sum of individual effects
- Synergism: combined effects of drugs are greater than each individual agent
- Potentiation: concurrent administration of two drugs, one increasing the other's effect
Therapeutic Actions of Drugs
- Palliative: relieves symptoms of a disease, but does not affect the disease itself
- Curative: treats a disease or condition
- Supportive: sustains body functions until other treatments take over
- Substitutive: replaces body fluids or substances
- Chemotherapeutic: destroys malignant cells
- Restorative: returns the body to health
Pharmacokinetics
- What the body does to drugs, encompassing drug interactions and clearance metabolism
Pharmacokinetic Factors in Drug Therapy
- Absorption: process by which a drug passes into the bloodstream from its site of administration
Factors Affecting Drug Absorption
- Blood Flow
- Pain
- Stress
- Foods
- Exercise
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Description
Test your knowledge on drug classification by identifying the different names and terms associated with drugs, such as prescription name, official name, chemical name, and brand name.
