Drug Classification - Diuretics Flashcards

Study Notes

Loop Diuretics

Loop diuretics act on the loop of Henle in the kidney to promote diuresis.
Furosemide (brand name: Lasix) is a common loop diuretic used for hypertension and edema.
Bumetanide (brand name: Bumex) is another example, often prescribed for congestive heart failure and related fluid retention.
Ethacrynic acid (brand name: Ecedrin) is a loop diuretic alternative for patients allergic to sulfonamides.

Thiazide Diuretics

Thiazide diuretics work on the distal convoluted tubule, increasing sodium and water excretion.
Hydrochlorothiazide (brand name: Hydrodiuril) is frequently used to treat hypertension and prevent fluid retention.
Chlorothiazide (brand name: Diuril) also functions as a thiazide diuretic, commonly utilized for similar indications.

Osmotic Diuretics

Osmotic diuretics promote diuresis by creating osmotic pressure in the renal tubules.
Mannitol is a key osmotic diuretic, often used in medical settings to reduce intracranial pressure or treat acute renal failure.

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors interfere with bicarbonate reabsorption in the proximal tubule, leading to diuresis.
Acetazolamide (brand name: Diamox) is an example, primarily utilized in conditions like glaucoma and altitude sickness.

Potassium-Sparing Diuretics

Potassium-sparing diuretics reduce potassium loss while promoting fluid excretion.
Spironolactone (brand name: Aldactone) is a well-known potassium-sparing diuretic, often used for heart failure and hypertension management.

Diuretic Classifications

Diuretics can be categorized into five main classes: loop, thiazide, osmotic, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, and potassium-sparing diuretics.

Description

Test your knowledge on diuretics with these flashcards! This quiz covers various types of diuretics, including loop and thiazide diuretics, along with examples of each. Perfect for students in pharmacology or anyone looking to enhance their understanding of medications.