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Questions and Answers
What is the trade name for cefadroxil?
What is the trade name for cefadroxil?
What is the usual dose for cefadroxil?
What is the usual dose for cefadroxil?
1-2g/d orally in divided doses
Cefazolin is contraindicated in patients with severe kidney problems.
Cefazolin is contraindicated in patients with severe kidney problems.
True
What are the adverse effects associated with cefadroxil?
What are the adverse effects associated with cefadroxil?
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What should patients avoid when taking cefadroxil?
What should patients avoid when taking cefadroxil?
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What is the therapeutic blood serum level for cefazolin?
What is the therapeutic blood serum level for cefazolin?
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Cephalexin can be used in patients with known allergy to the cephalosporin group.
Cephalexin can be used in patients with known allergy to the cephalosporin group.
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Match the following drugs with their trade names:
Match the following drugs with their trade names:
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What should patients be advised to report while taking cephalexin?
What should patients be advised to report while taking cephalexin?
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What is the usual dose for cefaclor?
What is the usual dose for cefaclor?
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Cephradine has the same therapeutic use as cefadroxil.
Cephradine has the same therapeutic use as cefadroxil.
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Study Notes
Cefadroxil (Duricef)
- Class: Cephalosporins
- Therapeutic use: Treats infections caused by susceptible microorganisms
- Contraindications: Allergy to cephalosporin antibiotics
- Therapeutic blood serum level: 0.8 µg/mL
- Adverse effects: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, hypersensitivity, superinfection, nephrotoxicity, headache, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, pseudomembranous colitis
- Usual dose: 1-2g/day orally in divided doses
- Nursing implications: Use cautiously in renal disease, hepatic impairment, bleeding disorders, pregnancy, or known penicillin allergy
- Patient teaching: Avoid alcohol during and after treatment (3 days) to prevent severe reactions
Cefazolin Sodium (Ancef, Kefzol)
- Class: Cephalosporins
- Therapeutic use: Infections and perioperative prophylaxis
- Contraindications: Serious kidney problems, severe antibiotic-associated diarrhea, decreased prothrombin, blood clotting disorders
- Therapeutic blood serum level: 10-30 mcg/mL
- Adverse effects: Similar to cefadroxil
- Usual dose: 250 mg-1g IM/IV every 6-12 hours; perioperative: 0.5-1 g IM/IV
- Nursing implications: Adjust dosage in severe renal impairment; prolonged use may cause superinfection and antibiotic-associated colitis
- Patient teaching: Take medication at prescribed times; consider using with food or milk for better absorption
Cephalexin (Keflex, Biocef, Keftab)
- Class: Cephalosporins
- Therapeutic use: Similar to cefadroxil
- Contraindications: Allergy to cephalosporins
- Therapeutic blood serum level: 50-200 ng/mL
- Adverse effects: Similar to cefadroxil
- Usual dose: 1-4 g/day orally in divided doses
- Nursing implications: Use cautiously in hypersensitivity cases, pregnancy, lactation, and renal disease
- Patient teaching: Report symptoms of superinfection or allergy; notify healthcare professional of severe diarrhea, especially if bloody
Cephradine (Velosef)
- Class: Cephalosporins
- Therapeutic use: Similar to cefadroxil
- Contraindications: Serious kidney problems, severe antibiotic-associated diarrhea
- Therapeutic blood serum level: 8-42 mcg/mL
- Adverse effects: Similar to cefadroxil
- Usual dose: 250 mg-1g every 6-12 hours
- Nursing implications: Modify dosage in severe renal impairment; cautious use required in patients with penicillin allergy history
- Patient teaching: Advise on yogurt or buttermilk for diarrhea; report severe diarrhea, unusual symptoms, and consult on breastfeeding risks
Cefaclor (Ceclor)
- Class: Cephalosporins
- Therapeutic use: Treats infections caused by susceptible microorganisms
- Contraindications: Allergy to cephalosporins or hypersensitivity history
- Therapeutic blood serum level: 0.16 mcg/mL
- Adverse effects: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, hypersensitivity, nephrotoxicity, headache, hematologic reactions
- Usual dose: 250 mg orally every 8 hours
- Nursing implications: Use cautiously with significantly impaired renal function; assess prior hypersensitivity history before prescribing
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Description
Explore the essential details of cephalosporins through interactive flashcards. Learn about generic and trade names, therapeutic uses, contraindications, and adverse effects for better understanding of this antibiotic class.
