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Questions and Answers
Match the following dosage forms with their description:
Tablets = Compressed solid dosage forms using mechanical presses Injections = Introduce therapeutic agents directly into the bloodstream Topicals = Applied on the skin or mucous membranes for local effect Oral Medications = Administered through the mouth for systemic effect
Match the following routes of administration with their characteristics:
Subcutaneous (SC) Injections = Administered just beneath the skin into fatty tissue Intramuscular (IM) Injections = Delivered deeper into muscle tissue Oral Medications = Administered through the mouth for systemic effect Intravenous Infusions = Directly introduced into the bloodstream for rapid effect
Match the following dosage forms with their manufacturing methods:
Tablets = Compression using rotary presses and coating methods Injections = Parenteral administration directly into the bloodstream Topicals = Applied on skin or mucous membranes for local effects Oral Medications = Administered through the mouth for systemic effect
Match the following dosage forms with their targeted delivery routes:
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Match the drug delivery method with its description:
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Match the following examples with their drug delivery method:
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Match the purpose with the drug delivery method:
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Match the following statements with the correct drug delivery method:
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Study Notes
Dosage Forms and Routes of Administration
Drug formulations consist of active ingredients combined with suitable excipients to create dosage forms. These forms determine the route through which drugs reach the systemic circulation, allowing targeted drug delivery and optimal patient benefit. In this context, we'll discuss common dosage forms such as tablets, injections, topicals, oral medications, and intravenous infusions.
Tablets
Tablets involve compressing active pharmaceutical ingredients into solid dosage forms using mechanical presses or coating powders under vacuum or fluidized bed conditions. Compression is typically performed using rotary presses with punches and dies, while coatings can be applied by methods like tabletting, sugar-sphering, film coating, or enteric coating. For immediate release tablets, direct compression is used, while controlled release requires either matrix technology, osmotic pump systems, or multi-particulates.
Injections
Injections introduce therapeutic agents directly into the bloodstream via parenteral administration. They are classified based on their location within the body:
- Subcutaneous (SC) injections involve administering drugs just beneath the skin into fatty tissue. Common examples include insulin, vitamin B12, and vaccines.
- Intramuscular (IM) injections are delivered deeper into muscle tissue. Examples include penicillin, cortisone steroids, and some types of high-molar-mass proteins like heparin.
- Intraarterial (IA) injections target specific arteries for local drug delivery, often reserved for chemotherapy and other highly potent medications.
- Intradermal (ID) injections involve injecting drugs into the dermis, usually used for allergy testing, tuberculosis screening, or iron supplementation.
Topicals
Topicals refer to external application of drugs onto the surface of the skin or mucous membranes, avoiding systemic absorption. They are often used for localized pain relief, wound healing, or skin conditions. Examples include creams, ointments, gels, solutions, and patches.
Oral
Oral medications are delivered via the gastrointestinal tract, typically ingested as tablets, capsules, liquids, or suspensions. They must be stable in the gastrointestinal environment, resistant to enzymatic degradation, and soluble in the small intestine.
Intravenous
Intravenous (IV) infusions deliver drugs directly into the bloodstream via a vein, typically used for drugs that require immediate systemic effect or for patients unable to take oral medication. Examples include analgesics, sedatives, and antibiotics.
In conclusion, understanding the various dosage forms and routes of administration is crucial for ensuring optimal drug delivery and patient outcomes. Each form has its advantages and limitations, and choosing the appropriate formulation and route for a specific drug depends on factors such as the drug's half-life, stability, and therapeutic goals.
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Description
Test your knowledge on different drug dosage forms and routes of administration, including tablets, injections, topicals, oral medications, and intravenous infusions. Learn about the unique characteristics, advantages, and limitations of each form for targeted drug delivery and optimal patient benefit.
