Drosophila Genetics and Biotech: Gene Notation
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Questions and Answers

What was the significance of Morgan's discovery of the eye colour mutant?

  • It led to the development of the chromosome theory of inheritance. (correct)
  • It proved that genes are located on mitochondria.
  • It demonstrated that genes are inherited in a Mendelian pattern.
  • It showed that eye colour is determined by environmental factors.
  • What do the superscript '+' and '-' symbols denote in Drosophila allele notation?

  • Dominant and recessive alleles, respectively.
  • Autosomal and sex-linked alleles, respectively.
  • Wild-type and mutant alleles, respectively. (correct)
  • Mutant and wild-type alleles, respectively.
  • What is the significance of correlating the sex of flies with the behaviour of alleles of the eye colour gene?

  • It demonstrates the concept of epistasis.
  • It provides evidence for the chromosome theory of inheritance. (correct)
  • It shows that sex is determined by multiple genes.
  • It proves that genes are inherited in a Mendelian pattern.
  • What is the symbol for the mutant white eyes allele in Drosophila?

    <p>w</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who developed the simple notation for alleles?

    <p>Mendel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the expected ratio of phenotypes if the genes assort independently?

    <p>1:1:1:1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Morgan's data suggest about the genes controlling body colour and wing size?

    <p>That they are genetically linked</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are closely physically linked genes not expected to assort independently?

    <p>Because they are located close together on the same chromosome and move through meiosis as a unit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of sister chromatids forming chiasmata in the same homologous chromosome?

    <p>It has no genetic consequences because they are identical.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of recombination between linked genes?

    <p>The genes are separated and move through meiosis independently</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recombination rate between the b and vg genes in Drosophila melanogaster?

    <p>17%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the experiment with Drosophila melanogaster?

    <p>It demonstrated the concept of genetic linkage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who developed the idea of a genetic map in 1913?

    <p>Alfred H. Sturtevant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of recombination rates in genetics?

    <p>To determine the genetic map of genes on a chromosome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the genes b, vg, and cn?

    <p>They are linked genes on the same chromosome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the genetic makeup of the wild-type females used in the experiment?

    <p>b+ b+ vg+ vg+</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true about the genes controlling body colour and wing size?

    <p>They are autosomal genes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of the vg allele on the wing size of Drosophila melanogaster?

    <p>It results in vestigial wings.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the b+ and b alleles?

    <p>b is recessive to b+.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of crossing wild-type females with males having both mutant phenotypes in the experiment?

    <p>To study the inheritance pattern of autosomal genes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be concluded from the image of the homologous chromosomes with a specific gene tagged with a fluorescent yellow dye?

    <p>Genes are DNA sequence segments located on chromosomes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of Thomas Hunt Morgan's work in the early 1900s?

    <p>He provided solid evidence associating a specific gene with a specific chromosome.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between genes and chromosomes?

    <p>Genes are located on chromosomes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the expected ratio of parental phenotypes in the offspring if linkage is complete between two genes?

    <p>1:1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be inferred about the image of the homologous chromosomes?

    <p>The chromosomes have duplicated and each has two sister chromatids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which recombinant chromosomes and phenotypes are generated?

    <p>Genetic recombination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the X-shaped structure between chromatids in a tetrad during meiosis?

    <p>Chiasma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the concept that describes the connection between genes and chromosomes?

    <p>The chromosomal theory of inheritance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of crossing-over between linked genes?

    <p>Recombinant phenotypes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the process by which alleles from different genes are brought together in new combinations?

    <p>Genetic recombination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the normal phenotype for a character in Drosophila genetics?

    <p>Wild type</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many chromosomes are present in a haploid gamete in Drosophila melanogaster?

    <p>4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the sex chromosome composition of a male Drosophila melanogaster?

    <p>XY</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of Morgan's discovery of an eye color mutant in Drosophila melanogaster?

    <p>It showed that genes are located on specific chromosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many pairs of chromosomes are present in a diploid Drosophila melanogaster cell?

    <p>4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for an alternative trait to the wild type in Drosophila genetics?

    <p>Mutant phenotype</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the probability of a sperm having an X chromosome in Drosophila melanogaster?

    <p>50%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the sex chromosome composition of a female Drosophila melanogaster?

    <p>XX</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is assumed to be the origin of mutant alleles in Drosophila genetics?

    <p>Changes in the wild type allele</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the total number of chromosomes in a diploid Drosophila melanogaster cell?

    <p>8</p> Signup and view all the answers

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