Drilling Engineering Fundamentals
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary responsibility of the drilling engineer?

  • To supervise rig operation
  • To design the well plan
  • To manage the drilling crew
  • To modify the well plan as drilling progresses (correct)

    • What does the term 'tool joints' refer to in drilling?

  • The connection points of the drill string (correct)
  • The sections of the drill pipe that are welded
  • The surface equipment for extraction
  • The specialized equipment used in drilling

    • Which welding method replaced flash welding for attaching tool joints?

  • Arc welding
  • Spot welding
  • Inertia and friction welding (correct)
  • Laser welding

    • What is the purpose of API specifications in drilling?

    <p>To standardize equipment manufacturing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum yield strength of Grade E drill pipe?

    <p>75,000 psi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What ensures the weld strength in drill pipe according to ASI/ISO specifications?

    <p>The weld must be ductile and not harder than 37 Rockwell C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is responsible for making on-site decisions regarding drilling operations?

    <p>The tool pusher</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the key aspects of drill string design as per API specifications?

    <p>The connection methods for drill string</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of well is classified as a wildcat well?

    <p>A well drilled to discover a new petroleum reservoir</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of oil company primarily invests in shallow, less-expensive wells drilled on land?

    <p>Small oil companies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must be included in the bid specifications and drilling contract?

    <p>Equipment, procedures, and well description</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of a development well?

    <p>To exploit a known reservoir</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of wells require significant investment and are usually drilled offshore or outside the U.S.?

    <p>Expensive offshore wells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the weight of Standard Weight drill pipe tubes?

    <p>135,000 lbs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the range for LENGTH RANGE 1 of drill pipe tubes?

    <p>18-22 FT</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which grade of drill pipe tubes is heavier than Standard Weight?

    <p>Z-140</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which numeric code corresponds to Heavier than Standard tubes?

    <p>4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the asterisk next to a grade indicate?

    <p>It has been used but not formally recognized.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where should the GRADE CODE and WEIGHT CODE be stenciled on the drill pipe?

    <p>At the base of the pin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What yield strength must drill pipe tubes exceed to be considered high strength?

    <p>75,000 psi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action should be taken if evidence of fatigue damage is noted on drill pipe tubes?

    <p>Perform Magnetic Particle Inspection.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of drilling engineering?

    <p>Drilling various types of wells to access the reservoir</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group is responsible for securing legal rights and access for drilling operations?

    <p>Legal Group</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines important parameters such as mud rheology and weight on bit in drilling engineering?

    <p>Various formulas used in drilling engineering</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who primarily invests in drilling for oil and gas?

    <p>Oil companies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of drilling contractors in the drilling process?

    <p>Executing the drilling operations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of computations in drilling engineering?

    <p>To determine drilling parameters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the location for wildcat wells?

    <p>Geological surveys and drilling techniques</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group is responsible for establishing and striking the well location?

    <p>Surveyors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of drilling water wells in the context of drilling operations?

    <p>To meet the water supply requirements for the drilling operation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which situation is a contract price per day typically implemented?

    <p>When costs cannot be estimated with reasonable certainty.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'drill stem' refer to in drilling engineering?

    <p>The assembly of components below the swivel.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor might influence the decision to drill to a certain depth or formation?

    <p>The routine requirements of the drilling operation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What challenges are associated with estimating costs for drilling beyond a certain point?

    <p>Unpredictable geological conditions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Drilling Engineering

    • A branch of petroleum engineering
    • Drilling different types of wells to access the reservoir
    • Uses various techniques
    • Formulas used in drilling engineering include:
      • Mud rheology
      • Mud weight
      • Weight on bit
      • Pump rate
      • Characteristics of rock and drilling fluids
    • Functions of the Drill String
      • Drill pipe with tool joints attached
      • The IADC (International Association of Drilling Contractors) defines the drill string
    • Cover a wide range of oilfield equipment
    • Include tubular goods
    • API 5DP, RP7G AND RP7A1
      • These publications relate to the connections for drill string and design/operating limits of drill stem

    Drill Pipe Grades

    • Current Grades
      • E-75 - Minimum yield 75,000psi
      • X-95 - Minimum yield 95,000psi
      • G-105 - Minimum yield 105,000psi
      • S-135 - Minimum yield 135,000psi
      • Z-140 - Minimum yield 140,000psi
      • V-150 - Minimum yield 150,000psi
      • U-165 - Minimum yield 165,000psi
    • High Strength
      • All grades above E-75
    • Grades with Asterisk
      • Grades marked with asterisk have been used, but not been formally recognized
    • Normal Tolerance on yield strength of drill pipe tubes
      • Plus 30,000 psi

    Sizes of Drill Pipe Tubes

    • Light Weight
    • Standard Weight
    • Heavier than Standard Weight

    Grade Code and Weight Code

    • Should be stenciled on the pin base for finished drill string assemblies
    • Recommended that these two codes also be stenciled on a milled flat on the pin long surface for quick identification

    API Length Ranges

    • Range 1 - 18-22 FT
    • Range 2 - 27-30 FT
    • Range 3 - 38-45 FT

    Numeric Codes

    • 1 - Light-Weight Tube
    • 2 - Standard Weight Tube
    • 3 - Heavier than Standard Tubes

    Drill Pipe Identification

    • Marked at the base of the pin by the tool joint manufacturer after the pin is affixed

    Magnetic Particle Inspection

    • In highly stressed drilling environments, or if fatigue damage is noted
    • Recommendations:
      • Conduct a magnetic particle inspection

    Inertia and Friction

    • Attaching of tool joints to upset drill pipe tubes by flash welding replaced by inertia and friction welding in the 1970s
    • ASI/ISO Specifications
      • Require the weld to be stronger than the tube body
      • Have good ductility
      • Not be harder than 37 Rockwell C.

    Well Types

    • Wildcat well:
      • Purpose is to discover a new petroleum reservoir
    • Development well:
      • Purpose is to exploit a known reservoir

    Water Wells

    • May have to be drilled to supply the requirements for drilling operations

    Drill Stem

    • All members between the swivel and the drill bit

    Overview of Drilling Operations

    • Oil Companies
      • Make the large investments to drill for oil and gas
    • Small Oil Companies
      • Invest mostly in shallow, less-expensive wells drilled on land in the United States
    • Large Oil Companies
      • Investments in expensive offshore and non-U.S. wells
    • Well
      • Classified as a wildcat if its purpose is to discover a new petroleum reservoir
      • Classified as a development well if its purpose is to exploit a known reservoir
    • Reservoir
      • In contrast, the purpose of a development well is to exploit a known reservoir

    Drilling Contractor

    • Carries out the drilling operations
    • Once the management decision is made to drill

    Drilling Engineering Group

    • Prepares a more detailed well design
    • Writes the bid specifications

    Bid Specifications and Drilling Contract

    • Include the equipment and procedures that the operator will require
    • Must include a well description

    Bid Basis

    • Cost per Foot
      • In areas where previous experience has shown drilling to be routine
      • Based on a certain depth or formation
    • Contract Price per Day
      • In areas where costs cannot be estimated with reasonable certainty
      • Applies beyond a certain point

    Management

    • Responsible for making the decision to drill
    • Responsible for making the on-site decisions concerning drilling operations and other services needed
    • Tool pusher is responsible for the rig operation and rig personnel supervision

    Geological Groups

    • Responsible for the well location

    Reservoir Engineering Groups

    • Responsible for the preliminary well designs and cost estimates for the proposed well
    • Secures the necessary drilling and production rights
    • Establishes clear title and right-of-way for access

    Surveyors

    • Establish and stake the well location

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    CHAPTER 1- DRILLING ENGINEERING PDF

    Description

    Explore the essentials of drilling engineering, including types of wells, drilling techniques, and important formulas used in the field. Understand the functions of the drill string and familiarize yourself with API specifications and current drill pipe grades. This quiz is a great resource for students and professionals in petroleum engineering.

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