Dream Activity and Eye Movements Study

<p>Quiet and dark room (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>3 or 6 mm per sec (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To amplify the potentials (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>50 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The relationship between eye movements and dreaming (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>20 minutes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>3 cm/sec (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>KK (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Later in the night (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Subjects were awakened at random times. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>7 hours (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Less than 5 minutes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bursts of movements followed by fixational pauses (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>First two hours (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>One every 92 minutes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>High-voltage, slow activity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It had no marked change on the onset of the next REM period (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>29% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They occurred at relatively constant intervals. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They were characteristic for each individual. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Every 70 minutes and every 75 minutes respectively (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A table of random numbers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>REM awakenings (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>First three REM then three NREM awakenings (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Confused but sure they were dreaming (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>WD (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Spindling with low-voltage background (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Participants generally denied dreaming during NREM awakenings (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It was affected by the method of awakening chosen (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>49 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A significant relationship (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>15 minutes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>WD (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>PM (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>26 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Number of words (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Significant increase in length after 15 minutes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They struggled to recall all details of lengthy dreams. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Participants consistently underestimated the actual length. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The visual imagery present in the dreams. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They could generally choose the correct duration based on recall. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The number of words in dream narratives correlated with the duration of REM periods. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The subject whose median estimates deviated greatly from reality. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They exhibited bursts of activity separated by inactivity. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They were able to choose correct durations with high accuracy. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Periods of sleep characterized by rapid eye movements.

Studies measuring sleep patterns and awakenings in subjects.

The time it took to return to sleep after an awakening.

Electroencephalogram patterns associated with sleep; these are brain wave patterns.

The average length of REM periods.

Occasional and brief periods of eye activity.

Awakening subjects to assess their dreams.

Duration of time it takes to return to sleep after being awakened.

Research investigated the relationship between eye movements and dreaming.

Electroencephalogram (EEG) recorded brain waves to assess sleep depth.

Eye movement patterns related to different stages of sleep were studied.

Both normal and schizophrenic people participated in the research.

Electrodes measured changes in the corneoretinal fields to detect eye movements.

Participants slept in a dark and quiet room for the experimentation.

EEG continuously monitored brain activity throughout the night, at set speeds.

Electrode wiring was designed to prevent tangling, and allow movement.

Periods of rapid eye movement during sleep, characterized by low-voltage, fast EEG patterns.

Periods of sleep without rapid eye movement, characterized by deeper sleep EEG patterns.

The regularity and consistency of REM periods.

Awakening during a NREM period doesn't disrupt REM timings or occurrence.

Low-voltage, fast pattern in the EEG during REM periods.

High-voltage, slow-wave activity or sleep spindles in the EEG during NREM periods.

REM periods occur at relatively regular intervals throughout the night and the frequency is consistent in an individual.

If awakened during NREM, the return to sleep doesn't change the upcoming REM period time.

The research investigated the relationship between the length of Rapid Eye Movement (REM) periods and how long participants felt they were dreaming for.

Participants were awakened during REM periods and asked to estimate the dream duration. They were then asked to identify the correct time period they had been dreaming. This tested the accuracy of their dream recall.

Participants found it challenging to accurately estimate how long they had been dreaming, often underestimating the time.

When participants underestimated the dream duration, they tended to recall only the latter part of the dream, suggesting they forgot the earlier segments.

REM periods were characterized by varied eye movements, including bursts of activity followed by periods of relative inactivity.

Despite varying levels of eye movement, the brainwave pattern remained constant throughout the REM period.

Researchers investigated the relationship between the length of REM periods and the number of words used to describe the dream. They found a strong correlation between the two.

Researchers proposed that the eye movements observed during REM periods represented the visual imagery experienced in dreams.

The study investigated whether the length of REM periods corresponds to the estimated duration of dreams reported by participants.

Participants were awakened after different durations of REM sleep to see if dream recall was related to the length of the REM period.

The study measured the length of dream narratives recalled by participants after different REM durations.

The length of dream narratives was measured by counting the number of words used in the description.

The research found a significant relationship between the duration of REM periods and the length of dream narratives.

The study found that dream narratives recalled after 30 minutes or more of REM were not significantly longer than those after 15 minutes.

Table 4 presented the results of dream recall accuracy after 5 and 15 minutes of REM, showing the number of correct and incorrect dream reports.

Table S presented the correlation between the duration of REM periods and the length of dream narratives, measured in words.

Rapid Eye Movement (REM) sleep is strongly associated with dreaming. People awakened during REM sleep are much more likely to report vivid dreams compared to awakenings during other sleep stages.

Non-Rapid Eye Movement (NREM) sleep is less likely to be associated with dreaming. People awakened during NREM sleep often report not dreaming or only vague dream fragments.

Individuals show significant differences in their ability to recall dreams, even when awakened during the same sleep stage. Some people are naturally better dream recallers than others.

Within the same individual, dream recall is more consistent following awakenings during REM sleep compared to NREM sleep. This suggests that dream content is significantly different between the two sleep stages.

Awakenings during sleep, regardless of the sleep stage, can disrupt the normal sleep cycle and can influence dream recall.

Spindling brain waves (a type of activity seen during NREM sleep) are associated with a lower likelihood of dream recall compared to other sleep stages.

Researchers deliberately awakened subjects during different sleep stages (REM and NREM) to study the relationship between sleep stages and dream recall.

Researchers took extra care to make sure that waking subjects during sleep was done randomly to prevent any bias in the results. This was important to ensure the results were not influenced by any patterns in the awakenings.