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Questions and Answers
What is the octet rule?
What is the octet rule?
- Atoms are most stable when they have eight electrons in their outermost energy level or valence shell. (correct)
- Atoms are most stable when they share electrons with other atoms.
- Atoms are most stable when they have eight electrons in their innermost energy level.
- Atoms are most stable when they have eight electrons in their nucleus.
How are shared pairs of electrons represented in Lewis structures?
How are shared pairs of electrons represented in Lewis structures?
- By placing a single line between the bonded atoms.
- By placing two lines between the bonded atoms. (correct)
- By placing three lines between the bonded atoms.
- By placing a dotted line between the bonded atoms.
What does it mean if an atom has lone pairs in its Lewis structure?
What does it mean if an atom has lone pairs in its Lewis structure?
- The atom has achieved a full complement of electrons.
- The atom only has one electron in its valence shell.
- The atom does not follow the octet rule. (correct)
- The atom cannot bond with other atoms.
In a double bond, how many electrons are shared between the two bonded atoms?
In a double bond, how many electrons are shared between the two bonded atoms?
What is the purpose of adding lone pairs in a Lewis structure?
What is the purpose of adding lone pairs in a Lewis structure?
When drawing Lewis structures, what is essential before determining the total number of electrons available for bonding?
When drawing Lewis structures, what is essential before determining the total number of electrons available for bonding?
Flashcards
Octet Rule
Octet Rule
Atoms are most stable when they have eight electrons in their outermost energy level or valence shell.
Lewis Structures: Shared Electrons
Lewis Structures: Shared Electrons
Shared pairs of electrons are represented by two lines.
Lone Pairs and Octet Rule
Lone Pairs and Octet Rule
The atom does not follow the octet rule.
Double Bond Electron Sharing
Double Bond Electron Sharing
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Purpose of Lone Pairs
Purpose of Lone Pairs
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Lewis structure: First step
Lewis structure: First step
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Study Notes
Drawing Lewis Structures
Lewis structures represent the valence electrons of atoms using lines between them. They were developed by Gilbert N. Lewis in 1916 and were later modified by Linus Pauling. These structures illustrate the bonding pairs and lone electron pairs around each atom involved in chemical reactions. In modern chemistry, this method is particularly useful when dealing with molecules composed of just two, three, four, five, six, seven, or eight atoms.
Octet Rule and Lewis Structures
The octet rule is a fundamental concept that lies at the heart of chemistry's understanding of the behavior of atoms. It asserts that elements are most stable when they have eight electrons in their outermost energy level or valence shell. This principle can be applied to draw Lewis structures by following these guidelines:
- Assign each atom its correct electron configuration.
- Determine the total number of electrons available for bonding.
- Place two electrons between each pair of bonded atoms. These represent shared pairs.
- Add one more electron on each side of a multiple bond. For example, in a double bond, there will be three electrons (two from one atom and one from another atom).
- Finally, distribute any remaining unpaired electrons around the nucleus, which are considered lone pairs.
In the case where an atom does not have enough electrons to follow the octet rule, it may share electrons with other atoms to achieve a full complement. This sharing of electrons forms bonds between atoms. The octet rule helps chemists understand the stability and reactivity of different molecules.
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