Dracunculiasis (Guinea-worm Disease)

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How does a person typically become infected with Guinea worm disease?

Through the bite of an infected mosquito

By drinking water containing water fleas infected with guinea worm larvae (correct)

Through direct contact with an infected person's blood

By eating contaminated food

Where do the D.medinensis larvae reside before infecting humans?

In the human digestive tract

In aquatic crustaceans called copepods or water fleas (correct)

In the human lungs

In the human bloodstream

What happens to the copepods after a person drinks water containing them?

They multiply rapidly in the stomach

They die during digestion, releasing the D.medinensis larvae (correct)

They attach themselves to the intestinal lining

They transform into adult male and female worms

What happens to the D.medinensis larvae after they exit the digestive tract?

They take refuge in the abdomen or retroperitoneal space Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the male worm after reaching its adult size?

It dies after mating with a female worm Signup and view all the answers

Where does the female Guinea worm migrate to continue its development?

To connective tissue Signup and view all the answers

What does the female Guinea worm induce when it reaches an exit site on the skin?

An intensely painful blister on the skin Signup and view all the answers

What discomfort does the infected person experience during the weeks while the worm emerges?

Intense pain at the site of emergence Signup and view all the answers

How long does it take for the worm to completely emerge from the skin of an infected person?

$3-10$ weeks Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible consequence if the open wound caused by the emerging worm becomes infected with bacteria?

Death in around 1% of cases Signup and view all the answers

What is responsible for causing Guinea worm disease?

A parasitic infection by water fleas Signup and view all the answers

How do humans become unintentionally infected with guinea worm larvae?

Drinking unfiltered water containing infected copepods Signup and view all the answers

How is dracunculiasis diagnosed?

By visual examination of the white worm emerging from the blister Signup and view all the answers

What happens when the wound touches freshwater?

The female spews a milky-white substance containing larvae into the water Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the larvae after being discharged into freshwater?

They are eaten by copepods and become infectious to humans after two to three weeks of development Signup and view all the answers

How is dracunculiasis primarily transmitted from person to person?

Through contaminated drinking water containing copepods Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment for dracunculiasis once the worm begins to exit the body?

Regular wound care, cleaning the wound, applying antibiotic ointment, and replacing the bandage with fresh gauze Signup and view all the answers

What can help ease the pain of the worm's exit?

$7(9 - 1)$ painkillers like paracetamol or ibuprofen Signup and view all the answers

What can contaminated water be treated with to prevent dracunculiasis?

$8 - 6$ larvicide temephos Signup and view all the answers

What is a recommended method for preventing the transmission of D.medinensis from person to person?

$15 imes 4$ application of nylon filters to drinking water Signup and view all the answers

How is dracunculiasis primarily transmitted from person to person?

Through contaminated drinking water containing copepods Signup and view all the answers

Where is dracunculiasis still endemic?

Chad, Ethiopia, Mali, and South Sudan Signup and view all the answers

What happens if too much pressure is applied during the removal of the worm?

The worm dies and leads to severe swelling and pain at the site of the ulcer Signup and view all the answers

What are effective means of copepod removal from drinking water?

Using nylon filters or finely woven cloth Signup and view all the answers

Dracunculiasis (Guinea-worm Disease)

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Questions and Answers

How does a person typically become infected with Guinea worm disease?

Where do the D.medinensis larvae reside before infecting humans?

What happens to the copepods after a person drinks water containing them?

What happens to the D.medinensis larvae after they exit the digestive tract?

What happens to the male worm after reaching its adult size?

Where does the female Guinea worm migrate to continue its development?

What does the female Guinea worm induce when it reaches an exit site on the skin?

What discomfort does the infected person experience during the weeks while the worm emerges?

How long does it take for the worm to completely emerge from the skin of an infected person?

What is a possible consequence if the open wound caused by the emerging worm becomes infected with bacteria?

What is responsible for causing Guinea worm disease?

How do humans become unintentionally infected with guinea worm larvae?

How is dracunculiasis diagnosed?

What happens when the wound touches freshwater?

What happens to the larvae after being discharged into freshwater?

How is dracunculiasis primarily transmitted from person to person?

What is the recommended treatment for dracunculiasis once the worm begins to exit the body?

What can help ease the pain of the worm's exit?

What can contaminated water be treated with to prevent dracunculiasis?

What is a recommended method for preventing the transmission of D.medinensis from person to person?

How is dracunculiasis primarily transmitted from person to person?

Where is dracunculiasis still endemic?

What happens if too much pressure is applied during the removal of the worm?

What are effective means of copepod removal from drinking water?

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