MPL 202 Week 5 Quiz

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A patient presents with a deep soft tissue infection that is poorly demarcated. What is the most likely implication of this clinical finding?

The infection is likely caused by a viral pathogen.
The infection is superficial and easily treatable with topical antibiotics.
The infection may be more challenging to diagnose due to its depth. (correct)
The infection is likely caused by toxin mediated bacteria.

A patient with a history of diabetes and recurrent hospitalizations develops a soft tissue infection that is unresponsive to first-line antibiotics. Which of the following pathogens should be of greatest concern?

Gram-negative bacteria such as *Klebsiella* or *Pseudomonas* (correct)
Methicillin-sensitive *Staphylococcus aureus* (MSSA)
Beta-hemolytic streptococcus (Group A Streptococcus)
*Epidermophyton*

A patient presents with a purulent skin infection. Which of the following pathogens is most likely the causative agent?

*Staphylococcus aureus* (correct)
*S. pyogenes*
*Trichophyton*
*Herpes Simplex*

Following a saltwater fishing trip, a previously healthy individual develops a rapidly progressing soft tissue infection on their hand. Which of the following pathogens is most likely responsible?

Vibrio species (B) Signup and view all the answers

A child presents with a skin rash characterized by numerous small, raised, pearly or flesh-colored papules. Which of the following viral pathogens is the most likely cause?

Molluscum contagiosum (C) Signup and view all the answers

A patient presents with a skin infection characterized by clearly defined, bright red, swollen areas on their cheek in a butterfly-shaped pattern across the nose. Which of the following microorganisms is the MOST likely causative agent?

Streptococcus pyogenes (A) Signup and view all the answers

A child is diagnosed with non-bullous impetigo on their face. Which of the following best describes the typical progression of this infection?

Small red sores that break open, ooze fluid, and form honey-colored crusts. (D) Signup and view all the answers

An immunocompromised patient develops painful ulcers with thick crusts and inflamed edges on their lower leg. Which form of impetigo is MOST likely causing these symptoms?

Ecthyma (D) Signup and view all the answers

A patient is suspected of having a skin infection caused by Mycobacterium marinum. Which of the following clinical presentations is MOST consistent with this etiology?

Chronic ulcerative disease. (B) Signup and view all the answers

After sustaining a burn injury, a patient develops a secondary skin infection. Colonization by which of the following organisms is of GREATEST concern in this scenario?

Pseudomonas aeruginosa (D) Signup and view all the answers

An elderly patient presents with thick, white crusting on their ears and is diagnosed with Norwegian scabies. What is the MOST appropriate initial treatment approach?

Oral agent in addition to a topical treatment (B) Signup and view all the answers

A patient with a suspected Candida skin infection exhibits significant inflammation and redness in addition to the characteristic rash. What is the MOST appropriate course of treatment?

Topical antifungal agent combined with a mild topical steroid. (C) Signup and view all the answers

A patient presents with a necrotic ulcer exhibiting black, dead tissue. Which of the following potential causes would require IMMEDIATE investigation due to its systemic implications?

Anthrax infection. (A) Signup and view all the answers

A patient is diagnosed with leprosy. What clinical findings are MOST indicative of this chronic bacterial infection?

Papules and maculopapules affecting the skin and nerves. (B) Signup and view all the answers

A patient presents with small, painful lesions on their skin. Upon examination, fly larvae are identified within the tissue. What is the MOST accurate term for this condition?

Myiasis. (D) Signup and view all the answers

A patient presents with a suspected skin infection. Which factor would MOST strongly suggest the immediate initiation of intravenous (IV) antibiotics over oral antibiotics?

The patient is critically ill with signs of hemodynamic instability. (C) Signup and view all the answers

A patient is suspected of having a Type I necrotizing fasciitis infection. Which of the following risk factors would MOST strongly support this diagnosis?

Long-standing history of poorly controlled diabetes and peripheral vascular disease. (B) Signup and view all the answers

A patient presents with a painless ulcer on their genitals. This lesion spontaneously resolves after several weeks. Months later, they develop a diffuse rash on their palms and soles, accompanied by flu-like symptoms. Which condition is the MOST likely cause?

Secondary Syphilis (C) Signup and view all the answers

A clinician suspects a patient has necrotizing fasciitis. Besides blood cultures and routine bloodwork, what is the MOST critical next step in managing this patient?

Performing urgent surgical debridement of necrotic tissue. (C) Signup and view all the answers

A patient presents with a painful, boil-like lesion, reports feeling movement under the skin, and has noticed fluid draining from the site. Which intervention is MOST appropriate?

Covering the skin with an occlusive dressing and arranging for surgical or manual removal of larvae. (A) Signup and view all the answers

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Which pathogen is typically associated with scalded skin syndrome and toxic shock syndrome?

Staphylococcus aureus (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended initial empiric antibiotic therapy for non-MRSA skin and soft tissue infections?

Cefalexin (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which pathogen is commonly found in burn-related infections?

All of the above (@) Signup and view all the answers

In which condition is the Levine technique used?

Collection of wound samples (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which pathogen is associated with non-bullous impetigo?

Staphylococcus aureus (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the common cause of erysipelas?

Group A Streptococcus (B) Signup and view all the answers

What type of organism is responsible for the formation of boils?

Staphylococcus aureus (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which infection is commonly associated with hot tubs and swimming pools?

Folliculitis (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which pathogen is associated with scarlet fever?

Streptococcus pyogenes (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which bacterium is most commonly found in diabetic foot infections?

Staphylococcus aureus (A) Signup and view all the answers

What type of infection is typically associated with exposure to brackish water?

Vibrio vulnificus aureus (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which pathogen is a common cause of burn-related infections?

Pseudomonas aeruginosa (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which pathogen causes scalded skin syndrome?

Staphylococcus aureus (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which organism is commonly associated with hot tub folliculitis?

Pseudomonas aeruginosa (B) Signup and view all the answers

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A diabetic patient with multiple prior courses of antibiotics presents with a non-resolving wound infection. What type of pathogen should be suspected and what is the recommended initial empirical treatment?

Gram-negative bacteria; treat with ciprofloxacin (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors would make a burn wound patient more susceptible to Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection?

All of the above (D) Signup and view all the answers

How should a wound be managed if a biofilm is suspected but no overt signs of infection are present?

Employ wound hygiene techniques like debridement and cleaning (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended management strategy for a patient with suspected scalded skin syndrome caused by Staphylococcus aureus?

Intravenous antibiotics and supportive care (C) Signup and view all the answers

Deeper Infections

Infections located deeper within the tissue layers that are often harder to diagnose due to their less defined borders.

Staph aureus

A common bacteria that frequently causes skin and soft tissue infections and often presents with pus.

Group A Streptococcus (GAS)

Beta-hemolytic streptococcus, specifically Group A Streptococcus (GAS), also known as S. pyogenes.

Risk Factors for Gram-Negative Infections

Diabetes, multiple prior antibiotics, non-resolving infections, recurrent hospitalizations, exposure to fresh or saltwater, trauma, and burns.