Dorothea Orem's Self-Care Deficit Theory Quiz

Dorothea Orem's Self-Care Deficit Theory

• Self-Care Deficit Theory: This theory posits that individuals have an inherent capacity and responsibility to care for themselves. Nurses play a supportive role, helping patients regain independence.
• Self-Care: Includes actions taken by individuals to maintain life, health, and well-being, encompassing activities like eating, sleeping, and hygiene.
• Dependent-Care: Care provided to individuals who are unable to perform self-care due to age or other limitations.
• Self-Care Requisites: These are actions deemed necessary for maintaining human functioning and development. There are universal, developmental, and health deviation requisites.
  • Universal Self-Care Requisites: These are essential for all human beings, encompassing needs such as air, food, water, and elimination processes.
  • Developmental Self-Care Requisites: These cater to growth and development throughout life, such as activities promoting self-development and preventing negative consequences of conditions affecting development.
  • Health Deviation Self-Care Requisites: These focus on managing illness, injury, and specific health deviations, emphasizing managing conditions through medical diagnoses and treatments.
• Therapeutic Self-Care Demand: The total care measures required to fulfill an individual's self-care requisites.
• Dependent-Care Demand: The total care measures required to fulfill a dependent person's therapeutic self-care demand when their self-care agency is insufficient or compromised.
• Self-Care Agency: An individual's ability to engage in self-care, influenced by various factors including age, health state, and environmental circumstances.
• Dependent-Care Agency: The capacity of a caregiver to understand and meet a dependent person's therapeutic self-care demand while also promoting the development of the dependent's self-care agency.
• Self-Care Deficit: The individual cannot fulfill their self-care needs due to physical or mental limitations, requiring external support or nursing care.
• Dependent-Care Deficit: The caregiver cannot adequately meet the self-care needs of a dependent person, requiring assistance, training, or resources to provide proper care.
• Nursing Agency: Comprises the expertise and capabilities of nurses trained to assist individuals in fulfilling their therapeutic self-care demands.
• Nursing Design: A framework or plan created by nurses to guide their care for patients with self-care deficits, aiming to achieve desired outcomes and facilitate the achievement of nursing goals.
• Helping Methods: These are sequential actions taken to compensate for the health-associated limitations of individuals, including :
  • Acting for or doing for another
  • Guiding and directing
  • Providing physical or psychological support
  • Providing and maintaining an environment that supports personal development
  • Teaching
• Basic Conditioning Factors: These are factors that can influence the therapeutic self-care demand and self-care agency of an individual, including:
  • Age
  • Gender
  • Developmental state
  • Health state
  • Pattern of living
  • Health care system factors
  • Family system factors
  • Sociocultural factors
  • Availability of resources
  • External environmental factors
• Three Basic Nursing Systems: These systems provide a framework for understanding how nurses assist individuals according to their level of self-care ability:
  • Wholly Compensatory System: The individual is completely dependent on others for their well-being.
  • Partly Compensatory System: Both the nurse and the patient work collaboratively in care management.
  • Supportive-Educative System: The individual can perform self-care actions but needs guidance and support to learn or improve their skills.

Evaluation of Orem's Theory

• Clarity: The theory uses defined terms consistently, fostering clear communication.
• Simplicity: The theory is expressed in a concise set of terms, making it easier to understand and apply.
• Generality: The theory is widely applicable across diverse populations and settings.
• Accessibility: The concepts of the theory are easily understood by various individuals, promoting accessibility and practical use.