DOM Node Navigation Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What does the firstChild property return if the node does not have any child elements?

An error message

The first element node

Null (correct)

An empty string

Which property would you use to avoid getting #text or #comment nodes when accessing child nodes?

firstChild

firstElementChild (correct)

parentNode

childNodes

What does the children property return in comparison to the childNodes property?

Only element nodes (correct)

Only text nodes

Comment nodes only

An array of all node types

What value does the parentNode property return for the document node?

Null Signup and view all the answers

How can you access a node that is the next sibling element, skipping any text nodes?

nextElementSibling Signup and view all the answers

What does the previousSibling property return?

The previous node, regardless of type Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes the childNodes property?

Returns all child nodes, including non-element nodes Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true regarding the firstChild node of a main DIV element?

It can return a #text node due to whitespace. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary use of the innerHTML property in HTML?

To modify the HTML content of an element Signup and view all the answers

Which method is used to create a new element in the DOM?

createElement() Signup and view all the answers

How can you set the href attribute of an anchor element in JavaScript?

By using setAttribute() or directly assigning to the property Signup and view all the answers

What happens when you use the appendChild() method?

It adds the specified child as the last child of the specified parent element Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of using textContent on an HTML element?

It retrieves only text content within the element Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of createTextNode() in the DOM?

To create a text node that can be appended to an element Signup and view all the answers

Which step is NOT part of adding a new HTML element using the DOM?

Retrieving its innerHTML Signup and view all the answers

Which statement correctly describes the visibility of a newly created element?

It remains hidden until it is inserted into the document Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Navigating Between DOM Nodes

DOM nodes offer properties and methods to traverse the DOM tree and make changes easily.
Diagram shows relationships between HTML elements.

document is the root element
document.documentElement points to the element
document.body points to the element (if inside the body)
parentNode points to the parent node
previousSibling points to the previous sibling
nextSibling points to the next sibling
childNodes returns all child nodes (including text and comment nodes)
firstChild points to the first child
lastChild points to the last child
firstElementChild returns the first child element, skipping text nodes.
lastElementChild returns the last child element, skipping text nodes.
hasChildNodes() method used to check if an element has child nodes, before looping.

Example of FirstChild and LastChild

nodeName of the first child of the #main div is #text.
nodeName of first child from #hint is SPAN.
Whitespace (spaces, tabs, newlines) form text nodes, part of DOM tree.

Avoiding Text/Comment Nodes

firstElementChild and lastElementChild properties return only the first and last element nodes.

childNodes Property

Returns all child nodes, including text and comment nodes.
Use the children property to get a collection of element nodes only.

parentNode Property

Returns the parent of a specified node in the DOM tree.
Returns null for the document node since it doesn't have a parent.

previousSibling and nextSibling

previousSibling returns the previous sibling node.
nextSibling returns the next sibling node in the DOM.
previousElementSibling returns the previous sibling element (skipping text nodes)
nextElementSibling returns the next sibling element (skipping text nodes)

Changing HTML Content

innerHTML modifies or retrieves HTML content of an element.
Example: element.innerHTML = 'new content';
Modifies/retrieves HTML content, including text and tags.

textContent property

Returns only the text content of an element, ignoring tags.
Example: console.log(news.textContent); outputs only the text

Creating and Inserting Elements

Three steps to add HTML elements in the DOM:
Creating the element
Assigning attributes
Inserting element in the DOM
createElement() method creates a new element (e.g., <a>)
appendChild() method adds an element as a child to another element.
Example: document.getElementById('myP').appendChild(newLink);
createTextNode() method creates a text node (e.g, "Mon site")

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Description

Test your knowledge of navigating DOM nodes and understanding their properties and methods. This quiz covers crucial concepts such as parent nodes, sibling nodes, and child node retrieval methods. Refresh your skills in managing the HTML structure with ease.