DNA Transcription Basics Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the key learning outcome of the topic 'Basics of transcription and bursting'?

  • Understanding the steps involved from DNA to mature mRNA (correct)
  • Measuring transcription output using gel techniques
  • Defining key transcription terms
  • Understanding the dynamics of DNA replication

    • Which technique is used to measure transcription output and is based on reverse transcription?

  • Gel electrophoresis
  • RT-PCR (correct)
  • Northern blot
  • RNA-seq

    • What do all these techniques (Northern blot, RT-PCR, RNA-seq) have in common?

  • They are based on gel electrophoresis
  • They are population-based rather than single cell (correct)
  • They provide single cell readouts of transcription
  • They measure DNA replication

    • Which technique suffers from low sequencing depth due to low RNA amount per cell?

    <p>Single cell RNA seq</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which strand of DNA can be used for transcription depending on where the gene body is located?

    <p>Both strands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term refers to the process by which viruses can transcribe their RNA back into DNA?

    <p>Reverse transcription</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What removes intronic regions and enables a variety of protein isoforms to be made from a single gene?

    <p>Splicing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which complex facilitates the process of splicing?

    <p>Splicesome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of U2 in the splicing process?

    <p>Enables the removal of intronic regions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the cause of over 2,000,000 proteins in our body despite having only approximately 20,000 protein coding genes in our genome?

    <p>Alternative splicing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can cause transcription deregulation, contributing to cancer?

    <p>Mutations in signalling pathways that regulate transcriptional control</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be targeted in cancer therapy to address deregulated splicing?

    <p>Small molecule compounds modulating the activity of splicing factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mode of targeting transcriptional regulators is mentioned as a potential approach for achieving comprehensive tumor control?

    <p>'By directly targeting the expression of transcriptional regulators in cancer'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What function do antisense oligonucleotides (AONs) serve in cancer therapy?

    <p>'Function similarly to snRNAs'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is necessary to produce an in-frame coding mRNA?

    <p>Splicing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be targeted to achieve more comprehensive tumor control in cancer therapy?

    <p>'Targeting de-regulated splicing via antisense oligonucleotides (AONs)'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process removes intronic regions and stabilizes the pre-mRNA molecule?

    <p>Splicing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What contributes to the production of over 2,000,000 proteins from approximately 20,000 protein coding genes in our genome?

    <p>Alternative splicing regulated by TREs acting on CREs on the pre-mRNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of Enhancers in transcription regulation?

    <p>They bring distant enhancers close to the coding region through DNA folding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component is responsible for creating the transcription bubble during initiation of DNA transcription?

    <p>DNA helicase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of PAF1 in transcription elongation?

    <p>Enhances gene transcription through methylation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when RNA polymerase II reaches the 3' UTR during transcription termination?

    <p>Polyadenylation sequence and AAUAAA are transcribed at the 3' end of the mRNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of polyadenylation in transcription termination?

    <p>Recruit polyA binding proteins (PAB) to stabilize pre-mRNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does higher order genome organization into chromatin structure affect gene transcription?

    <p>It alters histone modifications and chromatin remodeling complexes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of NURF during transcription elongation?

    <p>Remodel the histones so RNA polymerase can pass through</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of TFIIH in transcription initiation?

    <p>Unwinds the DNA with its helicase activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    "Euchromatin vs heterochromatin" is associated with:

    <ul> <li>Distinct chromosomal regions with different levels of gene expression</li> </ul> Signup and view all the answers

    "In vivo regulation of each gene is tightly controlled by CREs and TREs". This statement implies that:

    <ul> <li>Transcription regulation at the individual gene level is highly precise and controlled</li> </ul> Signup and view all the answers

    What does P-TEFb do during transcription elongation?

    <ul> <li>Drives the direction of RNA pol II by binding to it</li> </ul> Signup and view all the answers

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