29 Questions
What is the key learning outcome of the topic 'Basics of transcription and bursting'?
Understanding the steps involved from DNA to mature mRNA
Which technique is used to measure transcription output and is based on reverse transcription?
RT-PCR
What do all these techniques (Northern blot, RT-PCR, RNA-seq) have in common?
They are population-based rather than single cell
Which technique suffers from low sequencing depth due to low RNA amount per cell?
Single cell RNA seq
Which strand of DNA can be used for transcription depending on where the gene body is located?
Both strands
What term refers to the process by which viruses can transcribe their RNA back into DNA?
Reverse transcription
What removes intronic regions and enables a variety of protein isoforms to be made from a single gene?
Splicing
Which complex facilitates the process of splicing?
Splicesome
What is the function of U2 in the splicing process?
Enables the removal of intronic regions
What is the cause of over 2,000,000 proteins in our body despite having only approximately 20,000 protein coding genes in our genome?
Alternative splicing
What can cause transcription deregulation, contributing to cancer?
Mutations in signalling pathways that regulate transcriptional control
What can be targeted in cancer therapy to address deregulated splicing?
Small molecule compounds modulating the activity of splicing factors
Which mode of targeting transcriptional regulators is mentioned as a potential approach for achieving comprehensive tumor control?
'By directly targeting the expression of transcriptional regulators in cancer'
What function do antisense oligonucleotides (AONs) serve in cancer therapy?
'Function similarly to snRNAs'
What is necessary to produce an in-frame coding mRNA?
Splicing
What can be targeted to achieve more comprehensive tumor control in cancer therapy?
'Targeting de-regulated splicing via antisense oligonucleotides (AONs)'
Which process removes intronic regions and stabilizes the pre-mRNA molecule?
Splicing
What contributes to the production of over 2,000,000 proteins from approximately 20,000 protein coding genes in our genome?
Alternative splicing regulated by TREs acting on CREs on the pre-mRNA
What is the role of Enhancers in transcription regulation?
They bring distant enhancers close to the coding region through DNA folding
Which component is responsible for creating the transcription bubble during initiation of DNA transcription?
DNA helicase
What is the function of PAF1 in transcription elongation?
Enhances gene transcription through methylation
What happens when RNA polymerase II reaches the 3' UTR during transcription termination?
Polyadenylation sequence and AAUAAA are transcribed at the 3' end of the mRNA
What is the purpose of polyadenylation in transcription termination?
Recruit polyA binding proteins (PAB) to stabilize pre-mRNA
How does higher order genome organization into chromatin structure affect gene transcription?
It alters histone modifications and chromatin remodeling complexes
What is the function of NURF during transcription elongation?
Remodel the histones so RNA polymerase can pass through
What is the role of TFIIH in transcription initiation?
Unwinds the DNA with its helicase activity
"Euchromatin vs heterochromatin" is associated with:
- Distinct chromosomal regions with different levels of gene expression
"In vivo regulation of each gene is tightly controlled by CREs and TREs". This statement implies that:
- Transcription regulation at the individual gene level is highly precise and controlled
What does P-TEFb do during transcription elongation?
- Drives the direction of RNA pol II by binding to it
Test your knowledge on the basics of DNA transcription and bursting with this quiz. Topics include steps involved from DNA to mature mRNA, key transcription terms, and the dynamics of transcription in a single cell.
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