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DNA Structure Basics

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Questions and Answers

What is the process by which DNA code gets copied into RNA code?

Replication
Transcription (correct)
Translation
Mitosis

Which enzyme is responsible for adding nucleotides complementary to the template strand in DNA replication?

DNA Primase
Helicase
DNA Polymerase (correct)
Ligase

What is the function of RNA polymerase in the cell?

Unzips the DNA double helix
Synthesizes RNA from DNA during transcription (correct)
Adds nucleotides in DNA replication
Joins Okazaki fragments together

Which type of strand in DNA replication can be continuously synthesized from 5’ → 3’ direction?

Leading strand (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of ligase in DNA replication?

"Glues" Okazaki fragments together (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the key difference between DNA and RNA in terms of their base components?

RNA contains uracil instead of thymine (D) Signup and view all the answers

What holds together the two complementary strands of nucleotides in a DNA double helix?

Hydrogen bonds (D) Signup and view all the answers

In DNA, what forms a chain by linking together through the sugars and phosphates?

Phosphate groups (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the sugar attached to a single phosphate group in DNA nucleotides?

Deoxyribose (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following nitrogen-containing bases is a purine in DNA?

Guanine (D) Signup and view all the answers

How are pyrimidines different from purines in DNA?

Pyrimidines are composed of cytosine and thymine, while purines of adenine and guanine. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What analogy is used to describe the structure of each polynucleotide chain in DNA?

Necklace strung with different beads (D) Signup and view all the answers