DNA Structure and Functions

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Questions and Answers

What component forms the backbone of the DNA structure?

Nitrogenous bases
Proteins and lipids
Deoxyribose sugar and phosphate groups (correct)
Adenine and thymine

Which pair of nitrogenous bases in DNA forms two hydrogen bonds?

Cytosine and thymine
Adenine and thymine (correct)
Adenine and guanine
Cytosine and guanine

What is the role of DNA during transcription?

It is translated into DNA.
It is copied into messenger RNA (mRNA). (correct)
It replicates itself for cell division.
It creates a protein directly.

How do mutations in DNA affect organisms?

<p>They can result in genetic variation and affect traits. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is created in the major and minor grooves of the DNA double helix?

<p>Binding sites for proteins (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

DNA Structure

Deoxyribose sugar and phosphate groups form the backbone of the DNA structure.
Adenine (A) and thymine (T) form two hydrogen bonds in DNA.

DNA Function

DNA serves as a template for transcription, where the genetic information is copied into RNA.

Mutations in DNA

Mutations in DNA can lead to changes in protein structure and function, potentially causing diseases or altering an organism's traits.

DNA Grooves

The major and minor grooves in the DNA double helix provide binding sites for proteins that can interact with the genetic code, playing crucial roles in gene regulation and other processes.

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Description

Explore the intricate structure and essential functions of DNA in this quiz. Learn about nucleotides, the double helix, and how DNA maintains genetic information. Test your understanding of DNA replication and its role in protein synthesis.