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DNA Structure and Replication Lecture Understanding

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DNA Structure and Replication Lecture Understanding

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Questions and Answers

Which type of nucleic acid is the primary carrier of hereditary information?

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) (correct)

Ribonucleic acid (RNA)

Messenger RNA (mRNA)

Transfer RNA (tRNA)

Who demonstrated that DNA composition varies from one species to the next?

James Watson

Maurice Wilkins

Chargaff (correct)

Rosalind Franklin

What is the concept of heredity and 'genes' predating acceptance of DNA as the mechanism referred to as?

Genetic ancestry

Pre-genomic inheritance (correct)

Pre-DNA genetic theory

Pre-DNA heredity

Which carbon sugar is present in DNA nucleotides?

Deoxyribose (D) Signup and view all the answers

What method did Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins use to investigate the structure of DNA?

X-ray diffraction (A) Signup and view all the answers

What are the monomers making up the polymers of nucleic acids called?

Nucleotides (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which nitrogenous base always pairs with thymine in DNA?

Adenine (A) (A) Signup and view all the answers

For what purpose did Chargaff's rules serve as evidence?

'Genetic material' made credible candidate for diversity (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the central dogma of molecular biology?

'DNA makes RNA makes protein' (C) Signup and view all the answers

What did the 1962 Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine recognize?

Research on DNA structure using X-ray diffraction (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary structure of DNA?

The sequence of the bases in DNA (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which process helps to protect DNA from damage and allows chromosomes to be mobile during cell division?

Supercoiling of chromatin (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of nucleosomes in DNA?

To wrap the DNA helix around histone proteins (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which protein is responsible for linking nucleosomes to form a string of chromatosomes?

Histone H1 (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the major factor stabilizing DNA structure?

Base pairing (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of histones in relation to DNA?

To coil DNA around proteins (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of dNTPs in DNA synthesis?

Addition of dNTPs forms phosphodiester linkages (D) Signup and view all the answers

'Right handed helix, B DNA' refers to the ________.

Secondary structure of DNA (B) Signup and view all the answers

'Chromatin will then supercoil during cell division to form chromosomes that are visible (when stained) under microscope' is an example of __________.

'From DNA to chromosomes' process (D) Signup and view all the answers