DNA Structure and Protein Synthesis Quiz

What is the molecule that stores genetic information?

What is the structure made of tightly packed DNA and proteins that contains many genes?

What type of RNA carries the genetic code from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosome in the cytoplasm?

What type of RNA brings amino acids to the ribosome during translation?

What is the process of copying genetic information from DNA to mRNA called?

What is the process of translating mRNA into proteins called?

What is a segment of DNA that provides instructions to make a specific protein or determine a particular trait?

What is the complete set of an organism's DNA, including all its genes and non-coding sequences?

What is the genetic makeup of an organism?

What is a version of a gene that codes for specific traits?

What does it mean for an organism to be homozygous for a particular gene?

What is an organism that makes its own food?

What is an organism that cannot make its own food and consumes other organisms?

What are proteins that help pack and organize DNA into chromosomes?

What does it mean for a cell to be haploid?

What is the organelle responsible for producing energy for the cell by breaking down glucose and oxygen during cellular respiration?

What is the enzyme that helps copy DNA during replication, ensuring accuracy for cell division?

What is the enzyme that creates RNA from a DNA template, and what is its role in the cell?

What is a homolog in genetics?

What is a fertilized egg called?

What is the process of cell division that produces four unique gametes?

What is the process of cell division that produces two identical cells?

What is the cell's control center where DNA is stored?

What is a small structure in the cell that builds proteins by reading mRNA and linking amino acids together during translation?

What is an allele that always shows its trait if one copy is present?

What is an allele that only shows its trait if two copies are present?

What is the process during meiosis where DNA is exchanged between homologous chromosomes, creating new combinations of genes?

DNA is a double helix.

Chromosomes are located in the cytoplasm.

MRNA is a type of protein.

TRNA carries genetic information from DNA to ribosomes.

Transcription occurs in the cytoplasm.

Translation is the process of copying DNA to RNA.

A gene is a sequence of RNA that codes for a specific protein.

The genome is the complete set of an organism's RNA.

Genotype describes the physical traits of an organism.

An allele is a specific version of a gene.

A homozygous individual has two different alleles for a gene.

Autotrophs cannot make their own food.

Heterotrophs are also known as producers.

Histones are molecules of DNA.

Haploid cells have two sets of chromosomes.

Most body cells are haploid.

Mitochondria are the 'powerhouses' of the cell.

DNA polymerase is involved in the process of transcription.

RNA polymerase creates DNA from an RNA template.

Homologs are genes that evolved from a common ancestor.

A zygote is a fertilized egg.

Meiosis results in the production of four identical daughter cells.

Mitosis is a type of cell division that produces haploid cells.

The nucleus is the control center of the cell where ribosomes are stored.

A ribosome is a small structure in the cell responsible for building proteins.

A dominant allele masks the expression of a recessive allele.

A recessive allele only expresses its trait if two copies are present.

Genetic recombination is a process that reduces genetic diversity in offspring.