DNA Structure and Gene Composition

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

What is the result of Meiosis II?

Four diploid cells result, each with a double set of chromosomes.
Four unique haploid cells result, each with a single set of chromosomes. (correct)
Two new cells form, each with half the number of chromosomes.
One large cell forms, with a quadruple set of chromosomes.

What is the process that ensures DNA is fully distributed throughout the body?

Cell Division
Meiosis
Genetic Inheritance
Mitosis (correct)

What is the term for the physical appearance of a person, including eye color or hair color?

Alleles
Genotype
Chromosomes
Phenotype (correct)

How many chromosomes are in a human karyotype?

46 (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of meiosis?

To produce gametes (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a cell that has a single set of chromosomes?

Haploid (A) Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during Anaphase I of Meiosis I?

Homologous chromosomes separate to opposite poles (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the basic unit of inheritance?

Gene (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the S Phase in the cell division process?

To copy all the DNA for each new cell (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct term for the process of a cell splitting into two daughter cells with identical genetic material?

Mitosis (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a phase of Mitosis?

G1 Phase (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the number of chromosomes in a human cell?

Diploid (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure of DNA?

A double helix (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Cytokinesis?

To physically split the cell into two (A) Signup and view all the answers

What are the four nitrogen-rich bases found in DNA?

Guanine, Adenine, Thymine, and Cytosine (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of cell division that results in four daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell?

Meiosis (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which DNA base pairs are correctly matched according to the pairing rule?

Adenine with thymine, guanine with cytosine (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which component of the cell is correctly ordered from largest to smallest?

Cell -> Nucleus -> Chromosomes -> DNA -> Gene (D) Signup and view all the answers

What role do genes play in the body?

Genes are instructions for making a particular protein (D) Signup and view all the answers

Where does fertilization typically occur in the female reproductive system?

Fallopian Tube (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the prostate gland?

Produces fluid for sperm nourishment (B) Signup and view all the answers

In a pedigree chart, what does a semi-black square represent?

Male with a dominant trait (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is responsible for transporting sperm during ejaculation?

Vas Deferens (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is produced by the ovaries?

Progesterone (D) Signup and view all the answers