DNA Structure and Functions Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is a gene?

  • A unit of heredity encoded in RNA
  • A region of DNA that influences a particular trait (correct)
  • A segment of RNA that carries genetic information
  • A type of protein found in cells

What is the genetic material of an organism encoded in?

  • DNA (correct)
  • Proteins
  • Genes
  • RNA

Which molecule is responsible for copying the codons of a gene into messenger RNA?

  • Transfer RNA
  • Ribosome
  • RNA polymerase (correct)
  • DNA ligase

What defines the sequence of bases along a DNA strand within a gene?

<p>Messenger RNA sequence (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the relationship between the nucleotide sequences of genes and the amino-acid sequences of proteins?

<p>Genetic code (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What molecule decodes the RNA sequence during translation by base-pairing with transfer RNA?

<p>Ribosome (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is another term for DNA profiling?

<p>Genetic fingerprinting (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process involves searching and data mining of biological data, including DNA sequences?

<p>Bioinformatics (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of DNA nanotechnology?

<p>Create self-assembling DNA complexes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of nucleases in DNA replication?

<p>Cut DNA strands (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of information does DNA store due to the accumulation of mutations?

<p>Historical information (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which proteins are involved in changing the amount of supercoiling in DNA?

<p>Topoisomerases (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a mutation in DNA?

<p>A change in the genetic code (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do ligases do in lagging strand DNA replication?

<p>Join broken DNA strands (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In eukaryotes, what is the compact structure formed when DNA binds to histones called?

<p>Chromatin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of helicases in DNA replication?

<p>Unwind the DNA double helix (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are exonucleases responsible for in DNA replication?

<p>Cutting nucleotides from DNA ends (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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