DNA Structure and Functions Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is a gene?

  • A unit of heredity encoded in RNA
  • A region of DNA that influences a particular trait (correct)
  • A segment of RNA that carries genetic information
  • A type of protein found in cells

    • What is the genetic material of an organism encoded in?

  • DNA (correct)
  • Proteins
  • Genes
  • RNA

    • Which molecule is responsible for copying the codons of a gene into messenger RNA?

  • Transfer RNA
  • Ribosome
  • RNA polymerase (correct)
  • DNA ligase

    • What defines the sequence of bases along a DNA strand within a gene?

    <p>Messenger RNA sequence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the relationship between the nucleotide sequences of genes and the amino-acid sequences of proteins?

    <p>Genetic code</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What molecule decodes the RNA sequence during translation by base-pairing with transfer RNA?

    <p>Ribosome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is another term for DNA profiling?

    <p>Genetic fingerprinting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process involves searching and data mining of biological data, including DNA sequences?

    <p>Bioinformatics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of DNA nanotechnology?

    <p>Create self-assembling DNA complexes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of nucleases in DNA replication?

    <p>Cut DNA strands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of information does DNA store due to the accumulation of mutations?

    <p>Historical information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which proteins are involved in changing the amount of supercoiling in DNA?

    <p>Topoisomerases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a mutation in DNA?

    <p>A change in the genetic code</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do ligases do in lagging strand DNA replication?

    <p>Join broken DNA strands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In eukaryotes, what is the compact structure formed when DNA binds to histones called?

    <p>Chromatin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of helicases in DNA replication?

    <p>Unwind the DNA double helix</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are exonucleases responsible for in DNA replication?

    <p>Cutting nucleotides from DNA ends</p> Signup and view all the answers

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