9 Questions
Match the following terms with their descriptions:
Transcription = Involves the synthesis of an RNA molecule complementary to a specific segment of DNA Translation = Occurs in the cell’s cytoplasm, where the information encoded in mRNA is used to assemble amino acids into a polypeptide chain Replication = Process where DNA unwinds and separates into two strands, new nucleotides are added by complementary base pairing, and two identical DNA molecules are formed Initiation (in DNA replication) = First step where the DNA molecule unwinds and separates into two strands
Match the following scientists with their contribution:
James Watson and Francis Crick = Worked out that DNA is a double helix structure RNA polymerase = Enzyme involved in transcription and responsible for building an RNA strand in the 5' to 3' direction Central Dogma of Biology = Describes the flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to proteins mRNA = Molecule that leaves the nucleus after transcription and goes to the ribosome for translation
Match the following stages with their process in transcription:
Initiation = Where the DNA molecule unwinds and separates into two strands Elongation = Where new nucleotides are added to each strand by complementary base pairing Termination = Where two new identical DNA molecules are formed RNA polymerase activity = Building an RNA strand in the 5' to 3' direction during transcription
Match the following nucleic acids with their characteristics:
DNA = Double-stranded molecule with deoxyribose sugar and thymine base RNA = Single-stranded molecule with ribose sugar and uracil base
Match the following locations with the nucleic acid found there:
Cell nucleus = DNA Mitochondria organelles = DNA
Match the following types of RNA with their functions in protein synthesis:
messenger RNA (mRNA) = Carries instructions from DNA to ribosomes transfer RNA (tRNA) = Transfers amino acids to the growing protein chain
Match the following RNA processes with their descriptions:
Transcription = Copying genetic information from DNA to RNA Translation = Decoding RNA to produce proteins
Match the following nitrogenous bases with the type of nucleic acid they are found in:
Thymine (T) = DNA Uracil (U) = RNA
Match the following roles in gene expression with the type of RNA involved:
Regulating gene expression = RNA interference Helps to decode mRNA sequence into a protein = Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
Test your knowledge on the structure and function of Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA), including its double helix structure, location in cells, and primary role in storing and transmitting genetic information.
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