DNA Structure and Function

The Watson-Crick DNA Model describes DNA as a single strand.

Chargaff's Rules pertain to the pairing of nucleotides in DNA.

Rosalind Franklin's contributions primarily involved studies of RNA.

The Hershey-Chase Blender Experiment confirmed that proteins were the genetic material.

Avery's DNA Experiment helped establish that DNA is the molecule of heredity.

DNA Structure

Gregor Mendel established the basic principles of heredity
Avery's experiment aimed to identify the molecule responsible for transferring genetic information through transformation in heat-killed bacteria.
Chargaff's rules state that each species has a unique percentage of each nucleotide type (A, T, G, C), and within a species, A=T and G=C.
Hershey-Chase experiment used bacteriophages (viruses that infect bacteria) to determine if DNA or protein was the genetic material.
Rosalind Franklin used X-ray crystallography to study DNA structure, including Photo 51.
Watson and Crick's model described DNA's structure as a double helix.
- The helix turns clockwise.
- The backbones are in opposing directions.
- Nitrogenous bases are flat structures inside the helix.
- Bases are 3.4 angstroms apart.
Adenine pairs with thymine using 2 hydrogen bonds, and guanine pairs with cytosine using 3 hydrogen bonds.
There are 10 bases every 360° turn.
There are 34 angstrom units in every complete turn.
The double-helix diameter is 20 angstroms.
DNA follows a semiconservative mode of replication.

This quiz explores key concepts regarding the structure and function of DNA, including the contributions of scientists like Gregor Mendel and Rosalind Franklin. It covers the principles of heredity, Chargaff's rules, and the famous Watson-Crick double helix model. Test your understanding of these fundamental biological concepts!