Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the distance between each base pair in the DNA double helix?
What is the distance between each base pair in the DNA double helix?
What type of DNA is most commonly found in viral genomes?
What type of DNA is most commonly found in viral genomes?
What is the role of hydrogen bonds in the DNA double helix?
What is the role of hydrogen bonds in the DNA double helix?
What is the diameter of the DNA double helix?
What is the diameter of the DNA double helix?
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Which of the following nitrogenous bases pairs with Guanine?
Which of the following nitrogenous bases pairs with Guanine?
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What is the main component of the sugar-phosphate backbone?
What is the main component of the sugar-phosphate backbone?
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Which of the following is a characteristic of left-handed DNA?
Which of the following is a characteristic of left-handed DNA?
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Study Notes
DNA Structure
Double Helix Model
- DNA is composed of two complementary strands that twist together to form a double helix
- The strands are held together by hydrogen bonds between nitrogenous bases
Nitrogenous Bases
- There are four nitrogenous bases found in DNA:
- Adenine (A)
- Guanine (G)
- Cytosine (C)
- Thymine (T)
- Base pairing rules:
- Adenine (A) pairs with Thymine (T)
- Guanine (G) pairs with Cytosine (C)
Sugar-Phosphate Backbone
- The sugar-phosphate backbone is composed of:
- Deoxyribose sugar molecules
- Phosphate groups
- The sugar and phosphate molecules make up the outer backbone of the DNA double helix
DNA Dimensions
- The diameter of the DNA double helix is approximately 2 nanometers
- The distance between each base pair is approximately 0.34 nanometers
- The length of a DNA molecule can vary greatly, ranging from a few thousand to millions of base pairs
Right-Handed vs. Left-Handed DNA
- The double helix structure of DNA can be either right-handed or left-handed
- Right-handed DNA is the most common form found in nature
- Left-handed DNA is less common and is often found in certain viral genomes
DNA Structure
Double Helix Model
- Composed of two complementary strands twisted together to form a double helix
- Strands held together by hydrogen bonds between nitrogenous bases
Nitrogenous Bases
- Four nitrogenous bases found in DNA: Adenine (A), Guanine (G), Cytosine (C), and Thymine (T)
- Adenine (A) pairs with Thymine (T)
- Guanine (G) pairs with Cytosine (C)
Sugar-Phosphate Backbone
- Composed of deoxyribose sugar molecules and phosphate groups
- Sugar and phosphate molecules make up the outer backbone of the DNA double helix
DNA Dimensions
- Diameter of DNA double helix is approximately 2 nanometers
- Distance between each base pair is approximately 0.34 nanometers
- Length of a DNA molecule can vary greatly, ranging from a few thousand to millions of base pairs
Right-Handed vs. Left-Handed DNA
- Double helix structure of DNA can be either right-handed or left-handed
- Right-handed DNA is the most common form found in nature
- Left-handed DNA is less common and is often found in certain viral genomes
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Description
This quiz covers the basics of DNA structure, including the double helix model, nitrogenous bases, and the sugar-phosphate backbone.
