DNA Structure and Base Pairing Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the function of DNA according to the text?

  • Blueprint of biological guidelines that living organisms must follow (correct)
  • Directs protein synthesis in the cytoplasm
  • Assists in carrying out RNA's blueprint guidelines
  • Controls the formation of carbohydrates
  • Which nitrogenous base pair is unique to RNA and not found in DNA?

  • Adenine - Uracil (correct)
  • Adenine - Thymine
  • Cytosine - Guanine
  • Thymine - Cytosine
  • What is the central dogma of molecular genetics primarily concerned with?

  • DNA replication in the nucleus
  • Transcription and translation of genetic information (correct)
  • Translation of proteins into nucleic acids
  • Replication of mitochondria DNA
  • Which macromolecule is directly involved in protein synthesis according to the text?

    <p>Nucleic acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Chargaff's rule, what does it state about the nitrogenous bases?

    <p>Thymine pairs with Cytosine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which molecule primarily carries out the process of transcription and translation?

    <p>Messenger RNA (mRNA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did P.A. Levene establish about DNA composition in the 1920s?

    <p>DNA is composed of four nitrogenous bases, a deoxyribose sugar, and a phosphate group.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who laid down the groundwork for the building block of DNA known as a nucleotide?

    <p>P.A. Levene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When did Erwin Chargaff analyze the proportion of the nitrogenous bases in the DNA of various species?

    <p>In the 1940s</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which scientist elucidated the DNA structure?

    <p>James Watson</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which era did P.A. Levene establish facts about DNA composition?

    <p>1920s</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the start codon AUG specify and what role does it play in translation?

    <p>AUG specifies the amino acid methionine and signals the start of translation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the stop codons UAA, UAG, and UGA in translation?

    <p>They tell the cell when a polypeptide is complete</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When providing the tRNA anticodon for a given mRNA strand, what is the importance of matching them correctly?

    <p>Correct matching ensures proper translation initiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the DNA strand provided, what does the sequence 'ACT' code for?

    <p>Serine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Based on the mRNA sequence given, what amino acid follows glycine (Gly)?

    <p>Serine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'Central Dogma of Molecular Biology' encompass?

    <p>DNA Replication, Transcription, and Translation</p> Signup and view all the answers

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