10 Questions
What is the main effect of IS elements in bacteria?
Disrupting and inactivating genes
Which enzyme allows an IS element to move in and out of DNA?
Transposase enzyme
Silent mutations occur when:
There is no change in the DNA sequence
Which of the following is NOT a chemical mutagen?
UV rays
Where are transposons often located in bacteria?
Plasmids
What effect does an IS element have when it inserts into a gene?
Inactivates the gene
Which type of mutation results in a change in the coded protein?
Missense mutation
Conjugation is a process where bacteria transfer genetic material through:
Plasmids
Alkylating agents are examples of:
Chemical mutagens
Visible light is an example of a(n):
Physical mutagen
Study Notes
- In a human genome of 3 billion letters, even a small percentage difference can lead to millions of distinct lettering variations.
- Polymerase chain reaction is a technique used to amplify specific DNA sequences and detect minimal amounts of bacteria in a sample, eliminating the need for bacterial culture.
- Genetic tests help in understanding the development and transfer of antimicrobial resistance by bacteria due to mutations that can alter phenotypic characteristics.
- Plasmids are self-replicating DNA molecules located in the cytoplasm, capable of being transferred between bacterial species through conjugation, contributing to drug resistance acquisition.
- Mobile genetic elements like insertion sequences (IS) can move within bacterial chromosomes, disrupting genes and leading to observable changes like loss of certain characteristics.
Test your knowledge on DNA sequences, polymerase chain reaction technique, genetic testing, and the impact of mutations on phenotypic characteristics.
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