DNA Replication Quiz: Match Enzymes to Functions

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Questions and Answers

Match the following processes with their descriptions in DNA replication:

Origin of replication = The site at which replication begins Replication fork = The site at which replication is occurring Okazaki fragments = Small fragments created due to discontinuous synthesis of one parental strand Telomerase = The enzyme that synthesizes the ends of linear chromosomes

Match the enzymes with their functions during DNA replication:

Helicases and topoisomerases = Unwind the DNA helix of the parental strands Primase = Synthesizes the RNA primer DNA polymerase = Reads the parental template strand and produces new strands Mismatch repair enzymes = Recognize mis-incorporated bases, remove them, and replace them with correct bases

Match the following DNA repair methods with their descriptions:

Mismatch repair = Enzymes recognize mis-incorporated bases, remove them, and replace them with correct bases Nucleotide excision repair = Enzymes remove incorrect bases with a few surrounding bases, which are replaced with the correct bases Non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) = A major double-strand break (DSB) repair pathway Homologous recombination (HR) = A major double-strand break (DSB) repair pathway

Match the following terms with their descriptions in DNA replication:

Deoxyribonucleotide triphosphates = The precursors for replication 5′-to-3′ direction = The direction in which DNA synthesis proceeds 3′-hydroxyl group = DNA polymerase requires a free group of this for replication RNA primer = Provided by the enzyme primase for DNA polymerase Signup and view all the answers

Match the following processes with their roles in DNA replication:

Template strand = Parental strands of DNA serve as this for the synthesis of a complementary strand Continuous synthesis = One parental strand is synthesized in this manner Discontinuous synthesis = Creates small fragments named Okazaki fragments in one parental strand Error checking and repair systems = Function to maintain the integrity of the genome Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their roles in DNA replication:

Mutations = Errors during replication can lead to these Telomeres = The ends of linear chromosomes synthesized by the enzyme telomerase Parental strands = Serve as a template for the synthesis of a complementary strand during replication Replication fork = The site at which replication is occurring Signup and view all the answers

Match the following enzymes with their roles in DNA replication:

Primase = Synthesizes the RNA primer for DNA polymerase Mismatch repair enzymes = Recognize mis-incorporated bases, remove them from DNA, and replace them with the correct bases DNA polymerase = Reads the parental template strand in the 3′-to-5′ direction, producing new strands in a 5′-to-3′ direction Telomerase = Synthesizes the ends of linear chromosomes Signup and view all the answers

Match the following processes with their roles in DNA replication:

Continuous synthesis = The process where one parental strand is synthesized without interruption Discontinuous synthesis = The process where one parental strand is synthesized in fragments Mismatch repair = The process where enzymes recognize mis-incorporated bases, remove them, and replace them with the correct bases Nucleotide excision repair = The process where enzymes remove incorrect bases with a few surrounding bases, which are replaced with the correct bases Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their roles in DNA replication:

Origin of replication = The site where replication begins Replication fork = The site where replication is currently occurring Okazaki fragments = Small fragments that are created due to the discontinuous synthesis of one parental strand 5′-to-3′ direction = The direction in which DNA polymerase synthesizes new strands Signup and view all the answers

Match the following enzymes with their functions during DNA replication:

Helicases and topoisomerases = Required to unwind the DNA helix of the parental strands Primase = Provides an RNA primer for DNA polymerase Mismatch repair enzymes = Recognize mis-incorporated bases and replace them with correct ones Telomerase = Synthesizes the ends of linear chromosomes Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their correct description in the context of DNA replication:

Origin of replication = Site at which replication begins Replication fork = Site at which replication is occurring Helicases and topoisomerases = Enzymes required to unwind the DNA helix of the parental strands Okazaki fragments = Small fragments created during discontinuous synthesis Signup and view all the answers

Match the following enzymes with their functions in DNA replication:

DNA polymerase = Synthesizes new DNA strands Primase = Synthesizes the RNA primer Telomerase = Synthesizes the ends of linear chromosomes Mismatch repair enzymes = Recognize and correct mis-incorporated bases Signup and view all the answers

Match the following replication processes with their descriptions:

Continuous synthesis = One parental strand is synthesized continuously Discontinuous synthesis = One parental strand is synthesized in fragments Nucleotide excision repair = Enzymes remove incorrect bases and replace them with the correct ones Non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) = One of the major DSB repair pathways Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their functions in DNA replication:

Deoxyribonucleotide triphosphates = Precursors for replication 3′-hydroxyl group = Required by DNA polymerase for replication RNA primer = Provides a starting point for DNA polymerase Errors = Can lead to mutations if not corrected Signup and view all the answers

Match the following repair systems with their functions:

Error checking and repair systems = Maintain the integrity of the genome Mismatch repair enzymes = Recognize and correct mis-incorporated bases Nucleotide excision repair = Enzymes remove incorrect bases and replace them DNA non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) and homologous recombination (HR) = Two major DSB repair pathways Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their functions in DNA replication:

Template strand = Serves as a guide for the synthesis of a complementary strand 5′-to-3′ direction = Direction in which DNA synthesis proceeds Okazaki fragments = Created during discontinuous synthesis of the lagging strand Telomeres = Ends of linear chromosomes synthesized by telomerase Signup and view all the answers

Match the following replication components with their descriptions:

Parental strands = Serve as templates for the synthesis of complementary strands Replication fork = Site at which replication is currently taking place Primase = Enzyme that synthesizes the RNA primer Mismatch repair enzymes = Recognize and correct mis-incorporated bases Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their functions in DNA replication:

Helicases and topoisomerases = Unwind the DNA helix of the parental strands DNA polymerase = Reads the parental template strand in the 3′-to-5′ direction Primase = Synthesizes the RNA primer needed for DNA replication Telomerase = Synthesizes the ends of linear chromosomes Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their functions in DNA replication:

Origin of replication = Site where replication begins Okazaki fragments = Small fragments created during discontinuous synthesis Primase = Synthesizes the RNA primer needed for DNA replication Mismatch repair enzymes = Recognize and correct mis-incorporated bases Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their functions in DNA replication:

Replication fork = Site where replication is currently occurring DNA Polymerase = Synthesizes new DNA strands 3′-hydroxyl group = Required by DNA polymerase for replication Telomerase = Synthesizes the ends of linear chromosomes Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their descriptions in the process of DNA replication:

Origin of replication = Site at which replication begins Replication fork = Site at which replication is occurring Okazaki fragments = Small fragments created during discontinuous synthesis Telomeres = Ends of linear chromosomes synthesized by the enzyme telomerase Signup and view all the answers

Match the following enzymes with their functions in unwinding the DNA helix:

Helicases = Unwind the DNA helix Topoisomerases = Unwind the DNA helix Primase = Synthesizes the RNA primer DNA polymerase = Reads the parental template strand and produces new strands Signup and view all the answers

Match the following enzymes with their roles in synthesizing new DNA strands:

DNA polymerase = Synthesizes new DNA strands in a 5′-to-3′ direction Primase = Provides an RNA primer for DNA polymerase Telomerase = Synthesizes the ends of linear chromosomes Mismatch repair enzymes = Recognize mis-incorporated bases, remove them from DNA, and replace them with the correct bases Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their roles in the DNA replication process:

Deoxyribonucleotide triphosphates = Precursors for replication 3′-hydroxyl group = Needed by DNA polymerase for replication Nucleotide primer = Synthesized by primase for DNA replication 5′-to-3′ direction = Direction in which DNA synthesis proceeds Signup and view all the answers

Match the following DNA repair methods with their functions:

Mismatch repair = Recognizes mis-incorporated bases, removes them, and replaces them with the correct bases Nucleotide excision repair = Removes incorrect bases with a few surrounding bases and replaces them with the correct bases DNA non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) = Major DSB repair pathway Homologous recombination (HR) = Major DSB repair pathway Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

DNA Replication Processes

Unwinding of DNA helix: involves enzymes that unwind the double helix structure
Synthesizing new DNA strands: involves enzymes that synthesize new DNA strands

DNA Replication Enzymes

Functions: unwinding DNA helix, synthesizing new DNA strands

DNA Repair Methods

Functions: correcting errors in DNA replication

DNA Replication Terms

Roles: involved in DNA replication, synthesizing new DNA strands, correcting errors
Descriptions: related to DNA replication, unwinding DNA helix, synthesizing new DNA strands

DNA Replication Components

Descriptions: involved in DNA replication, unwinding DNA helix, synthesizing new DNA strands

Enzymes in DNA Replication

Functions: unwinding DNA helix, synthesizing new DNA strands, correcting errors
Roles: involved in DNA replication, synthesizing new DNA strands, correcting errors