Quiz 6
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Questions and Answers

Shown below is a replication bubble. At which location is the DNA polymerase adding nucleotides in a continuous manner?

  • A and B
  • C and D
  • A and D (correct)
  • B and C

    • What is the name of the DNA sequence where replication begins?

  • replication origin (correct)
  • initiator
  • replication fork
  • DNA template

    • What is the function of a topoisomerase in DNA replication?

  • It coils the DNA for tighter packaging.
  • It separates the DNA strands.
  • It relieves the tension in DNA strands. (correct)
  • It binds the template DNA to hold in place.

    • How does Polymerase help maintain the accuracy of DNA replication?

    <p>DNA polymerase can cut out improperly base-paired nucleotides and add the correct one during synthesis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The bonds that link two DNA strands together are

    <p>hydrogen bonds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The sequence at which DNA replication begins tends to have which characteristic?

    <p>AT-rich</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which double-strand break repair mechanism is a simple ligation mechanism?

    <p>nonhomologous end joining</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are the primers from which DNA synthesis starts different from the DNA itself?

    <p>The primers are made up of RNA not DNA.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a stretch of DNA on the parental strand of a replicating chromosome has the sequence 5′–AGCTCGATCGGCTA–3′, what will the sequence of the newly synthesized strand made from this stretch of template be?

    <p>3′–TCGAGCTAGCCGAT–5′</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The energy for the polymerization reaction in DNA synthesis is powered by

    <p>the breaking of high-energy phosphate bonds in the deoxynucleotides.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Replication Bubble

    • DNA polymerase adds nucleotides in a continuous manner at the leading strand.

    Origin of Replication

    • Replication begins at a specific DNA sequence called the origin of replication.

    Topoisomerase

    • Topoisomerase relaxes the tension in the DNA double helix that builds up ahead of the replication fork by cutting and rejoining the DNA strands.

    Polymerase Accuracy

    • Polymerase maintains the accuracy of DNA replication by proofreading and editing its work, correcting any errors that occur during DNA synthesis.

    DNA Strand Bonds

    • The bonds that link two DNA strands together are hydrogen bonds.

    Origin of Replication Characteristics

    • The sequence at which DNA replication begins tends to have a characteristic of being rich in adenine (A) and thymine (T) bases.

    Double-Strand Break Repair

    • The simple ligation mechanism of double-strand break repair is non-homologous end joining (NHEJ).

    Primers

    • Primers from which DNA synthesis starts are different from the DNA itself in that they are short RNA molecules, typically 10-12 nucleotides in length, that provide a free 3' hydroxyl group for DNA synthesis to begin.

    DNA Synthesis

    • If a stretch of DNA on the parental strand of a replicating chromosome has the sequence 5′–AGCTCGATCGGCTA–3′, the sequence of the newly synthesized strand made from this stretch of template will be 3′–TCGAGCTAGCCAT–5′.

    Energy for Polymerization

    • The energy for the polymerization reaction in DNA synthesis is powered by the hydrolysis of high-energy phosphate bonds in nucleotide triphosphates (dNTPs).

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