DNA Replication Process

To copy the entire genome so that each resulting daughter cell ends up with its own complete genome

Initiation, elongation, and termination

DNA Polymerase

<p>Each newly replicated DNA molecule consists of one original (parental) strand and one newly synthesized (daughter) strand</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To form the hydrogen bonds between the nitrogenous bases</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They run in opposite directions</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The leading strand is replicated continuously in the 3' to 5' direction, while the lagging strand is replicated discontinuously in the 5' to 3' direction via Okazaki fragments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The numbers 5' and 3' refer to the number of carbon atoms in a deoxyribose sugar molecule that a phosphate group binds to.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The initiation of DNA replication occurs in two steps: an initiator protein unwinds a short stretch of the DNA double helix, and then a protein called helicase attaches to and breaks apart the hydrogen bonds between the bases on the DNA strands.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>DNA polymerase helps in the polymerization of nucleotides, catalyzes and regularizes the whole process of DNA replication with the support of other enzymes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>DNA ligase joins the Okazaki fragments together to form a continuous strand.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>There are three types of DNA polymerase: DNA polymerase I (involved in DNA repair), DNA polymerase II (responsible for primer extension and proofreading), and DNA polymerase III (responsible for in vivo DNA replication).</p> Signup and view all the answers