Podcast
Questions and Answers
During DNA replication, what is the primary role of helicase?
During DNA replication, what is the primary role of helicase?
- Unwinding the DNA double helix. (correct)
- Joining Okazaki fragments.
- Synthesizing the new DNA strand.
- Proofreading the newly synthesized DNA.
What is the significance of the semi-conservative nature of DNA replication?
What is the significance of the semi-conservative nature of DNA replication?
- DNA replication is prone to errors.
- Each new DNA molecule contains two newly synthesized strands.
- Each new DNA molecule contains one original and one newly synthesized strand. (correct)
- DNA replication requires multiple origins of replication.
Which enzyme is primarily responsible for adding nucleotides to the growing DNA strand during replication?
Which enzyme is primarily responsible for adding nucleotides to the growing DNA strand during replication?
- DNA polymerase (correct)
- Helicase
- Primase
- DNA ligase
What is the purpose of the 'denaturation' step in the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)?
What is the purpose of the 'denaturation' step in the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)?
Which of the following is the correct sequence of steps in a single PCR cycle?
Which of the following is the correct sequence of steps in a single PCR cycle?
In gel electrophoresis, what characteristic of DNA fragments primarily determines their migration speed?
In gel electrophoresis, what characteristic of DNA fragments primarily determines their migration speed?
Why do DNA fragments migrate towards the positive electrode during gel electrophoresis?
Why do DNA fragments migrate towards the positive electrode during gel electrophoresis?
What is the role of complementary base pairing in DNA replication?
What is the role of complementary base pairing in DNA replication?
Which of the following best describes the function of DNA ligase?
Which of the following best describes the function of DNA ligase?
What would be the consequence if DNA polymerase lacked proofreading ability?
What would be the consequence if DNA polymerase lacked proofreading ability?
A scientist performs PCR and observes that after several cycles, there is no amplification of the target DNA. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
A scientist performs PCR and observes that after several cycles, there is no amplification of the target DNA. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
In gel electrophoresis, a DNA sample shows a single, thick band close to the wells (starting point). What does this indicate about the sample?
In gel electrophoresis, a DNA sample shows a single, thick band close to the wells (starting point). What does this indicate about the sample?
What is the purpose of using the same restriction endonuclease on different DNA samples before gel electrophoresis in applications like DNA fingerprinting?
What is the purpose of using the same restriction endonuclease on different DNA samples before gel electrophoresis in applications like DNA fingerprinting?
What key feature of the genetic code makes it possible to transfer genes between species?
What key feature of the genetic code makes it possible to transfer genes between species?
A researcher is analyzing a DNA profile from a crime scene. The profile matches Suspect A at several loci (locations on the DNA) but not at all. Suspect B has no matches. What is the most appropriate conclusion?
A researcher is analyzing a DNA profile from a crime scene. The profile matches Suspect A at several loci (locations on the DNA) but not at all. Suspect B has no matches. What is the most appropriate conclusion?
Which of the following statements explains the separation of molecules in electrophoresis?
Which of the following statements explains the separation of molecules in electrophoresis?
What is the correct order of events for the stages of PCR shown in the diagram?
What is the correct order of events for the stages of PCR shown in the diagram?
Which statement can not be concluded from the DNA profile shown?
Which statement can not be concluded from the DNA profile shown?
Some scientists were investigating the allele frequencies in a population of flies for a gene responsible for insecticide resistance. They obtained DNA samples from a representative group in the population and then carried out PCR to amplify the DNA. Scientists used the same restriction endonuclease on each sample before undertaking PCR, explain why.
Some scientists were investigating the allele frequencies in a population of flies for a gene responsible for insecticide resistance. They obtained DNA samples from a representative group in the population and then carried out PCR to amplify the DNA. Scientists used the same restriction endonuclease on each sample before undertaking PCR, explain why.
What is the purpose of gel electrophoresis?
What is the purpose of gel electrophoresis?
Flashcards
What is DNA Replication?
What is DNA Replication?
The production of exact DNA copies. It maintains the original DNA information.
What is semi-conservative replication?
What is semi-conservative replication?
DNA replication where each new DNA molecule contains one original strand and one newly synthesized strand.
What are helicase and DNA polymerase?
What are helicase and DNA polymerase?
They unwind DNA, and synthesize new DNA strands, respectively.
What are the three steps in PCR?
What are the three steps in PCR?
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What causes DNA fragments to move in gel electrophoresis?
What causes DNA fragments to move in gel electrophoresis?
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What is Helicase?
What is Helicase?
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What is DNA Polymerase?
What is DNA Polymerase?
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What is PCR?
What is PCR?
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What is gel electrophoresis?
What is gel electrophoresis?
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Key feature of the genetic code?
Key feature of the genetic code?
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Study Notes
DNA Replication Overview
- DNA replication results in the production of exact DNA copies while maintaining a semi-conservative nature
- Complementary base pairing plays a key role in DNA replication.
Helicase and DNA Polymerase
- Helicase and DNA polymerase are enzymes involved in DNA replication.
- The polymerase chain reaction and gel electrophoresis are used to amplify and separate DNA
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) Steps
- Approximately 95°C is needed for the denaturation step of PCR
- Approximately 55°C is needed for the annealing step of PCR
- Approximately 72°C is needed for the elongation step of PCR
Gel Electrophoresis
- Gel electrophoresis separates the DNA fragments
Key Concepts
- DNA replication produces exact copies of DNA with identical base sequences
- DNA replication maintains a semi-conservative nature
- There is a role of complementary base pairing
- Know the role of helicase and DNA polymerase in DNA replication
- Polymerase chain reaction and gel electrophoresis are tools to be used for amplifiying and separating DNA
- Polymerase chain reaction and gel electrophoresis have applications
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