Biotechnology Quiz: PCR and DNA Fragment Replication

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Which step comes first in the process of creating recombinant DNA?

Breaking up genomic DNA using restriction enzymes

Isolating desired DNA fragments

Inserting the plasmid with the desired fragment into a host cell

Cleaving a plasmid using restriction enzymes (correct)

What is the term used to describe when a cell takes in DNA from outside the cell?

DNA sequencing

Genetic engineering

Cloning

Transformation (correct)

Which of the following names small, circular DNA molecules found in bacterial cells?

Plasmids (correct)

Restriction enzymes

Genomes

Ligases

In the process of creating recombinant DNA, what is the final step?

Inserting the plasmid with the desired fragment into a host cell Signup and view all the answers

Why do some plasmids contain a gene for resistance to an antibiotic?

To protect the bacteria from the antibiotic Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using DNA ligase in creating recombinant DNA?

To insert desired DNA fragments into a plasmid Signup and view all the answers

What did scientists accomplish by inserting a gene from an ocean jellyfish into a mosquito?

The genes of the mosquito were manipulated using genetics. Signup and view all the answers

What was the main goal of the Human Genome Project completed in 2003?

Identifying and mapping all human genes. Signup and view all the answers

Which process is involved in genetic engineering?

Manipulating an organism's genetic material. Signup and view all the answers

In genetic engineering, what is the purpose of using DNA fingerprinting?

Identifying unique genetic markers in an organism. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential benefit of genetic engineering?

Reduced reliance on chemical pesticides. Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to categorize descriptions of genetic engineering as benefits or risks?

To understand the impact and consequences of genetic engineering. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about the human genome is false?

The human genome contains nucleotide sequences that all code for proteins. Signup and view all the answers

What is the scientific field devoted to creating and maintaining databases about gene sequences of organisms?

Bioinformatics Signup and view all the answers

What technique looks at separated DNA fragments to identify unique patterns that are unique to every individual?

DNA typing Signup and view all the answers

How many genes are approximately present in the human genome?

30,000 genes Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of proteomics?

Studying proteins and their functions Signup and view all the answers

How might the study of the human genome lead to better health?

By creating personalized medicine based on genetic information Signup and view all the answers

What is the main result of a polymerase chain reaction?

Millions of replicated DNA fragments Signup and view all the answers

Which process uses electric pulsation or heat to create openings in the plasma membrane of bacterial cells?

Transformation Signup and view all the answers

Based on the given sequences, which restriction enzyme produces a blunt end?

EagI Signup and view all the answers

During cell replication, what happens to recombinant plasmid DNA?

It is copied and present in new cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of inserting exogenous DNA into the DNA of another organism?

To study the DNA sequences further Signup and view all the answers

Which technique is commonly used to identify and study the DNA sequence of cloned recombinant DNA molecules?

Gel electrophoresis Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for silicon chips or microscope slides with DNA fragments that allow many genes in a genome to be studied simultaneously?

Recombinant DNA Signup and view all the answers

Which technique can make copies of specific regions of a DNA fragment?

Polymerase chain reaction Signup and view all the answers

What technology is used to manipulate an organism's DNA by inserting the DNA of another organism?

Genetic engineering Signup and view all the answers

Which technique is used to correct mutated disease-causing genes?

Gene therapy Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a newly generated DNA fragment containing exogenous DNA?