Biotechnology Quiz: PCR and DNA Fragment Replication

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Questions and Answers

Which step comes first in the process of creating recombinant DNA?

  • Breaking up genomic DNA using restriction enzymes
  • Isolating desired DNA fragments
  • Inserting the plasmid with the desired fragment into a host cell
  • Cleaving a plasmid using restriction enzymes (correct)

What is the term used to describe when a cell takes in DNA from outside the cell?

  • DNA sequencing
  • Genetic engineering
  • Cloning
  • Transformation (correct)

Which of the following names small, circular DNA molecules found in bacterial cells?

  • Plasmids (correct)
  • Restriction enzymes
  • Genomes
  • Ligases

In the process of creating recombinant DNA, what is the final step?

<p>Inserting the plasmid with the desired fragment into a host cell (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do some plasmids contain a gene for resistance to an antibiotic?

<p>To protect the bacteria from the antibiotic (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using DNA ligase in creating recombinant DNA?

<p>To insert desired DNA fragments into a plasmid (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did scientists accomplish by inserting a gene from an ocean jellyfish into a mosquito?

<p>The genes of the mosquito were manipulated using genetics. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main goal of the Human Genome Project completed in 2003?

<p>Identifying and mapping all human genes. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process is involved in genetic engineering?

<p>Manipulating an organism's genetic material. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In genetic engineering, what is the purpose of using DNA fingerprinting?

<p>Identifying unique genetic markers in an organism. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential benefit of genetic engineering?

<p>Reduced reliance on chemical pesticides. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to categorize descriptions of genetic engineering as benefits or risks?

<p>To understand the impact and consequences of genetic engineering. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about the human genome is false?

<p>The human genome contains nucleotide sequences that all code for proteins. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the scientific field devoted to creating and maintaining databases about gene sequences of organisms?

<p>Bioinformatics (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What technique looks at separated DNA fragments to identify unique patterns that are unique to every individual?

<p>DNA typing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many genes are approximately present in the human genome?

<p>30,000 genes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of proteomics?

<p>Studying proteins and their functions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How might the study of the human genome lead to better health?

<p>By creating personalized medicine based on genetic information (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main result of a polymerase chain reaction?

<p>Millions of replicated DNA fragments (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process uses electric pulsation or heat to create openings in the plasma membrane of bacterial cells?

<p>Transformation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Based on the given sequences, which restriction enzyme produces a blunt end?

<p>EagI (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During cell replication, what happens to recombinant plasmid DNA?

<p>It is copied and present in new cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of inserting exogenous DNA into the DNA of another organism?

<p>To study the DNA sequences further (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which technique is commonly used to identify and study the DNA sequence of cloned recombinant DNA molecules?

<p>Gel electrophoresis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for silicon chips or microscope slides with DNA fragments that allow many genes in a genome to be studied simultaneously?

<p>Recombinant DNA (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which technique can make copies of specific regions of a DNA fragment?

<p>Polymerase chain reaction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What technology is used to manipulate an organism's DNA by inserting the DNA of another organism?

<p>Genetic engineering (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which technique is used to correct mutated disease-causing genes?

<p>Gene therapy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a newly generated DNA fragment containing exogenous DNA?

<p>Recombinant DNA (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

(61) , the study of an organism's genome, has paved the way for , which is the study of the structure and function of proteins, by cataloging the genes in an organism that code for various proteins.

<p>DNA microarray (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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