DNA Replication: Key Concepts

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Questions and Answers

What type of molecule is DNA?

Double helix (correct)
Single helix
Triple helix
Quadruple helix

Which base pairs with Adenine (A) in DNA?

Cytosine (C)
Uracil (U)
Guanine (G)
Thymine (T) (correct)

Which base pairs with Cytosine (C) in DNA?

Uracil (U)
Guanine (G) (correct)
Adenine (A)
Thymine (T)

What is the function of helicase in DNA replication?

Unzipping the DNA strands (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of primase in DNA replication?

Creating RNA primers (A) Signup and view all the answers

In what direction can DNA polymerase add bases?

5' to 3' direction only (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which strand is synthesized continuously during DNA replication?

Leading strand (C) Signup and view all the answers

What are Okazaki fragments?

Short DNA fragments on the lagging strand (B) Signup and view all the answers

What enzyme removes RNA primers from DNA strands?

Exonuclease (B) Signup and view all the answers

What seals the gaps between DNA fragments?

DNA ligase (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of DNA replication?

Two DNA molecules, each with one new and one old strand (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name for the location where the DNA strands separate during replication?

Replication fork (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a base found in DNA?

Uracil (D) Signup and view all the answers

Why is DNA replication called semi-conservative?

It conserves half of the original DNA molecule in each new molecule (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of DNA polymerase?

To synthesize new DNA strands (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which end of the DNA strand does DNA polymerase add nucleotides to?

3' end (A) Signup and view all the answers

What determines the sequence of the newly synthesized DNA strand?

The sequence of the template strand (C) Signup and view all the answers

Where does primase add RNA primer during replication?

Both leading and lagging strands (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following enzymes is directly involved in proofreading the new DNA strand to ensure accuracy?

DNA polymerase (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the 5' and 3' ends of a DNA strand?

To indicate the direction of the strand (B) Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is DNA?

A double helix molecule with two strands containing adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine (T).

DNA Base Pairing Rules

Adenine (A) pairs with Thymine (T), and Cytosine (C) pairs with Guanine (G).

What is Helicase?

The enzyme that separates the two DNA strands, creating a replication fork.

What is Primase?

Synthesizes short RNA sequences that are complementary to a single-stranded piece of DNA, marking the starting point for replication.