Questions and Answers
DNA Replication results in two DNA molecules ________________.
each with one new strand and one original strand.
Why is DNA replication said to be semiconservative?
A new double helix contains one old and one new strand.
In DNA, guanine always forms hydrogen bonds with what?
Cytosine
The process of _______ produces a new copy of an organism's genetic information.
Signup and view all the answers
What is the first step in the process of DNA replication?
Signup and view all the answers
Which enzyme is responsible for 'unzipping' the DNA double helix?
Signup and view all the answers
Which enzyme is responsible for assembling the DNA during replication?
Signup and view all the answers
Why is DNA replication important to the growth and development of a multi-cellular organism?
Signup and view all the answers
If 15% of a DNA sample is made of thymine (T), what percentage of the sample is made up of adenine (A)?
Signup and view all the answers
In DNA replication, each new double helix is composed of what?
Signup and view all the answers
Replication occurs as each base is paired with another exactly like it.
Signup and view all the answers
What does DNA stand for?
Signup and view all the answers
DNA is a ______________________.
Signup and view all the answers
What are monomers?
Signup and view all the answers
The backbone of the DNA molecule is made up of two alternating components, what are these?
Signup and view all the answers
What are the names of the four different bases in DNA?
Signup and view all the answers
Purines have _________ ring(s) in their structure, and pyrimidines have __________ ring(s) in their structure.
Signup and view all the answers
Which two bases are purines?
Signup and view all the answers
Adenine and guanine are comprised of 2 rings.
Signup and view all the answers
The two bases that are pyrimidines are?
Signup and view all the answers
Thymine and cytosine are made up of 1 ring.
Signup and view all the answers
Based on this information, scientists could predict that the base ________ pairs with ________ and the base ________ pairs with _______ in the formation of the DNA molecule.
Signup and view all the answers
What are complementary base pairs?
Signup and view all the answers
The bases are paired by ______________________________ bonds along the axis of the molecule.
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
DNA Replication Overview
- Results in two DNA molecules, each containing one new strand and one original strand.
- Described as semiconservative because each new double helix has one old and one new strand.
Base Pairing
- In DNA, guanine pairs exclusively with cytosine through hydrogen bonding.
- Adenine pairs with thymine, forming key complementary base pairs necessary for DNA structure.
Key Processes in DNA Replication
- Replication: Produces new copies of an organism's genetic information for cellular division.
- First step involves unzipping the DNA, preparing it for replication.
- Helicase enzyme is responsible for unzipping the DNA double helix.
- DNA polymerase assembles the new DNA strands during replication.
Importance of DNA Replication
- Essential for the growth and development of multicellular organisms; daughter cells require complete sets of DNA for survival.
Calculation of Base Composition
- If 15% of a DNA sample consists of thymine (T), the same percentage (15%) applies to adenine (A) due to complementary pairing.
Structure of DNA
- Each new double helix consists of one old strand and one newly synthesized strand.
- Incorrect statement about replication: identical bases pairing with one another.
- DNA stands for Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid, which consists of polymer structures formed from nucleotides.
Nucleotide Components
- Nucleotides serve as the monomers of DNA.
- DNA backbone comprises deoxyribose and phosphate groups.
DNA Bases and Variations
- Four bases in DNA: adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine.
- Bases categorized into two types:
- Purines: adenine and guanine (double-ring structures).
- Pyrimidines: thymine and cytosine (single-ring structures).
Base Pairing and Connectivity
- Predictable pairing of bases: adenine pairs with thymine, and cytosine pairs with guanine.
- The DNA strands are complementary, ensuring proper base pairing.
- Base pairs linked by hydrogen bonds, contributing to DNA's stability and structure.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your knowledge on DNA replication with these flashcards. Each card contains a critical term or concept related to the topic, along with its definition. Ideal for students studying genetics or molecular biology.