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DNA Replication: Semiconservative Model

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Questions and Answers

What type of DNA replication involves one old and one newly made strand in the replicated double helix?

Semiconservative model (correct)

Conservative model

Dispersive model

Concerted model

What is the role of helicases in DNA replication?

Relieving strain ahead of the replication fork

Unwinding the double helix (correct)

Adding nucleotides to the growing DNA strand

Synthesizing RNA primers

Which enzyme synthesizes RNA primers during DNA replication?

Topoisomerase

Primase (correct)

DNA polymerase

Helicase

In what direction does DNA polymerase elongate the new DNA strand?

5' to 3' Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of single-strand binding proteins in DNA replication?

Stabilizing unwound DNA strands Signup and view all the answers

Which molecule released during nucleotide addition helps drive the polymerization reaction during DNA replication?

Pyrophosphate Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between the synthesis of the leading and lagging strands during DNA replication?

The leading strand is synthesized continuously, while the lagging strand is synthesized discontinuously. Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of DNA ligase in DNA replication?

To join the sugar-phosphate backbones of Okazaki fragments into a continuous DNA strand. Signup and view all the answers

Why does DNA replication only proceed in the 5′→3′ direction?

As a result of the physical and chemical structure of nucleotides. Signup and view all the answers

When does DNA polymerase I replace RNA nucleotides with DNA nucleotides?

After each Okazaki fragment is synthesized. Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme plays a key role in reducing the error rate during DNA replication?

Mismatch repair enzymes Signup and view all the answers

Why is lagging strand synthesis slightly delayed relative to leading strand synthesis?

As a result of the series of short Okazaki fragments being primed separately. Signup and view all the answers