DNA Replication Directionality
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Questions and Answers

Which enzyme is responsible for unwinding the DNA strands to form the replication fork?

  • Primase
  • Ligase
  • DNA helicase (correct)
  • DNA polymerase
  • In DNA replication, adenine (A) pairs with:

  • Uracil (U)
  • Thymine (T) (correct)
  • Cytosine (C)
  • Guanine (G)
  • What is the term used to describe the process where each parental DNA strand serves as a template for a new complementary DNA strand?

  • Semi-conservative replication (correct)
  • Discontinuous replication
  • Bidirectional replication
  • Conservative replication
  • Which of the following best describes the orientation of DNA strands in the replication fork?

    <p>One strand is 5' to 3' and the other is 3' to 5'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is responsible for creating RNA primers during DNA replication?

    <p>DNA primase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In DNA replication, cytosine (C) pairs with:

    <p>Guanine (G)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is the main replication enzyme in bacteria like E.coli?

    <p>Polymerase III</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of DNA primase in replication?

    <p>Initiates the synthesis of RNA primers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In DNA replication, which direction does elongation occur?

    <p>5' to 3' on the leading strand and 3' to 5' on the lagging strand</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which DNA polymerase is responsible for error checking and repair in bacteria?

    <p>Polymerase IV</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the primer in DNA replication?

    <p>Provides a starting point for DNA replication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important for replication to progress in the 5' to 3' direction?

    <p>It ensures accurate copying of genetic information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is responsible for maintaining telomere length in germ cells, stem cells, and cancer cells?

    <p>Telomerase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the CA-rich RNA template in the telomerase complex?

    <p>Acts as a primer for DNA synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which direction does the reverse transcriptase in the telomerase complex synthesize DNA?

    <p>5' to 3'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do telomeres shorten with each cell division in normal somatic cells?

    <p>Inability to fill the gap at 5'-end</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when telomeres are shortened beyond a critical length in somatic cells?

    <p>Cell enters senescence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process leads to a loop structure stabilized by protein at the 3'-end of the single-stranded DNA region?

    <p>Telomere elongation</p> Signup and view all the answers

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