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Questions and Answers
During DNA replication, which of the following enzymes recognize the RNA primer and begins to extend it with DNA?
During DNA replication, which of the following enzymes recognize the RNA primer and begins to extend it with DNA?
- DNA polymerase III
- DNA polymerase II
- DNA helicase
- Primase (correct)
Which of the following enzymes controls transcription?
Which of the following enzymes controls transcription?
- RNA polymerase (correct)
- RNA primase
- DNA polymerase
- Helicase
What would be the most likely effect of a mutation in the promotor region of the gene encoding the muscle protein dystrophin in a four-year-old boy with Duchenne muscular dystrophy?
What would be the most likely effect of a mutation in the promotor region of the gene encoding the muscle protein dystrophin in a four-year-old boy with Duchenne muscular dystrophy?
- The dystrophin protein will be dysfunctional
- Initiation of dystrophin gene transcription will be defective (correct)
- Splicing of dystrophin mRNA will be defective
- The dystrophin protein will be rapidly degraded within the cell
Which of the following is true about the human genome?
Which of the following is true about the human genome?
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What is the likely effect of a mutation in the promotor region of a gene?
What is the likely effect of a mutation in the promotor region of a gene?
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Study Notes
DNA Replication
- DNA polymerase recognizes the RNA primer and extends it with DNA during DNA replication.
Transcription
- RNA polymerase controls transcription.
Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
- A mutation in the promoter region of the gene encoding dystrophin in a four-year-old boy with Duchenne muscular dystrophy would likely result in reduced or absent dystrophin production. This could lead to muscle weakness and degeneration, characteristic of the disease.
Human Genome
- The human genome consists of approximately 3 billion base pairs of DNA.
Promoter Region Mutations
- A mutation in the promoter region of a gene can significantly affect the rate of transcription, potentially leading to increased or decreased gene expression.
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