Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which enzyme catalyzes DNA synthesis?
Which enzyme catalyzes DNA synthesis?
- DNA polymerase (correct)
- RNA polymerase
- DNA ligase
- Primase
How does DNA polymerase work during DNA synthesis?
How does DNA polymerase work during DNA synthesis?
- It requires a 5' end to extend from. (correct)
- It can add RNA nucleotides one at a time using the parental DNA as a template.
- It adds dNTPs to the 5' end of a growing DNA chain.
- It works in both the 5' → 3' and 3' → 5' directions on a single-stranded template.
What is the role of primase in DNA replication?
What is the role of primase in DNA replication?
- Forms a ring around the DNA
- Adds RNA nucleotides one at a time using the parental DNA as a template (correct)
- Joins Okazaki fragments together
- Catalyzes the formation of the replication fork
What is the function of primase in DNA replication?
What is the function of primase in DNA replication?
In the context of DNA replication, what is the function of DNA polymerase III?
In the context of DNA replication, what is the function of DNA polymerase III?
What happens when telomeres are shortened to a threshold length in somatic cells?
What happens when telomeres are shortened to a threshold length in somatic cells?
What did Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty aim to determine in their experiment?
What did Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty aim to determine in their experiment?
In the Hershey–Chase experiment, which radioactive isotope was used to label phage protein?
In the Hershey–Chase experiment, which radioactive isotope was used to label phage protein?
What is found in the pellet after centrifugation in Experiment Batch 1 of the Hershey–Chase experiment?
What is found in the pellet after centrifugation in Experiment Batch 1 of the Hershey–Chase experiment?
At which sites does replication begin, leading to the formation of a replication bubble?
At which sites does replication begin, leading to the formation of a replication bubble?
Study Notes
DNA Synthesis and Replication
- DNA polymerase catalyzes DNA synthesis.
- During DNA synthesis, DNA polymerase works by adding nucleotides to a primer sequence, matching the base pairing rules, and proofreading for errors.
Primase Role
- Primase is responsible for synthesizing short RNA primers in DNA replication.
- The function of primase is to provide a starting point for DNA polymerase to begin synthesizing new DNA strands.
DNA Polymerase III
- DNA polymerase III is the primary enzyme responsible for DNA synthesis during DNA replication in prokaryotes.
Telomeres
- When telomeres are shortened to a threshold length in somatic cells, the cell becomes senescent or undergoes programmed cell death (apoptosis).
Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty Experiment
- Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty aimed to determine whether DNA or protein is responsible for the transformation of bacteria in their experiment.
Hershey-Chase Experiment
- The Hershey–Chase experiment used radioactive sulfur (35S) to label phage protein and radioactive phosphorus (32P) to label phage DNA.
- In Experiment Batch 1 of the Hershey–Chase experiment, the pellet after centrifugation contains phage protein and membranes, while the supernatant contains phage DNA.
Replication Initiation
- Replication begins at specific sites called origins of replication, leading to the formation of a replication bubble.
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Description
Test your knowledge of DNA replication and DNA polymerase with this quiz. Explore concepts such as the origin of replication, parental and daughter strands, double-stranded DNA molecule, replication fork, DNA synthesis, and DNA polymerase types.
