17 Questions
What is the consequence of mutations in repair genes?
Greater susceptibility to certain types of cancer
What is the primary role of repair enzymes in DNA repair?
To remove mismatched nucleotides from the DNA strand
What is the purpose of DNA polymerase in the DNA repair process?
To fill in the gap left by the repair enzymes
What is the result of a failure in DNA repair?
Mutations and chromosome breaks persist
What triggers the action of repair enzymes?
The presence of a mismatched nucleotide
What is a primary source of genetic variation in organisms?
Mutations
What type of mutations can cause uncontrolled cell division and lead to cancer?
Mutations in somatic cells
What is a common cause of spontaneous mutations during DNA replication?
Mistakes during DNA copying
What type of mutation occurs when a base pair is substituted, but the resulting amino acid sequence remains the same?
Silent mutation
Which of the following is an example of an environmental factor that can cause mutations?
UV light exposure
How do mutations in germ cells affect organisms?
They can be passed to future generations
What is the result of an undetected error during DNA replication?
A mutation in the DNA
What is the term for agents that increase the rate of mutations?
Mutagens
What type of mutation is caused by the insertion or deletion of base pairs, resulting in a changed reading frame?
Frameshift mutation
What is a key factor that determines the effects of a mutation on an organism?
All of the above
What is the result of a nonsense mutation?
A shortened protein is produced
What is the role of DNA polymerase during DNA replication?
To detect and repair errors
Test your knowledge on the process of DNA repair, where enzymes identify and correct mismatched nucleotides in the DNA double helix. Learn how repair enzymes scan for distortions, break the new strand, remove mismatched bases, and fill in the gap with the correct nucleotides.
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