DNA Recombination and Metabolism Quiz

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What is the primary mode of movement for transposable elements?

Cut-and-paste mechanism (correct)

Site-specific recombination

Homologous recombination

RNA splicing

How do some transposable elements differ in their movement?

By site-specific recombination

Via translation

By utilizing an RNA intermediate (correct)

Through RNA interference

What is a characteristic of relics of mobile genetic elements?

They are capable of moving between cells

They possess a high degree of mobility

They have acquired mutations and are incapable of moving (correct)

They integrate into chromosomal DNA

How do viruses primarily move between cells?

RNA intermediates (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of about half of the human genome?

Repeated sequences from mobile genetic elements (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of recombination does not require the alignment of homologous chromosomes?

Site-specific recombination (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of insertion sequences?

Consist of short repeated sequences at each end (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of transposition involves the excision of the transposon via cuts on each side and its movement to a new location?

Direct transposition (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between simple transposons and complex transposons?

Simple transposons contain only sequences required for transposition, while complex ones contain additional genes. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the target-site sequence during replicative transposition?

It becomes duplicated through DNA replication (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme promotes the process of transposition by facilitating the movement of DNA sequences?

Transposase (B) Signup and view all the answers

What type of cut is made at the target site during the insertion of a transposon?

Staggered cut (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism cells use to fix a broken chromosome?

Non-Homologous End Joining (NHEJ) (B) Signup and view all the answers

During homologous recombination, what is used as a template in repair and meiotic crossover?

One strand of a chromosome (A) Signup and view all the answers

In site-specific genetic recombination, what nucleophilic group attacks the phosphodiester bond at the cleavage site?

Tyrosine hydroxyl group (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is formed when cleaved DNAs are rejoined during site-specific recombination?

Holliday intermediate (C) Signup and view all the answers

What determines the outcome of site-specific genetic recombination?

The location and orientation of the recombination sites (C) Signup and view all the answers

If two recombination sites are on the same DNA molecule and have the same orientation, what is the likely outcome?

Insertion (D) Signup and view all the answers