DNA Profiling and Gene Therapy Techniques

Which of the following techniques are used in DNA profiling?

The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a technique that amplifies a specific DNA segment.

What is the primary goal of human gene therapy?

The technique used to separate DNA fragments by size is called ______.

Gene therapy is a universally successful treatment for all genetic diseases.

Match the following terms with their correct definitions:

Why are bone marrow cells considered ideal targets for gene therapy?

Which of the following is NOT a step involved in DNA profiling?

What is the primary method used to separate DNA fragments by size in STR analysis?

In STR analysis, shorter DNA fragments move slower through the gel compared to longer fragments.

What are the repeating units in STR sites, and what is their typical length in nucleotides?

The ______ is a database that stores STR profiles for forensic purposes.

Which of these factors contributes to the movement of DNA fragments during gel electrophoresis?

Match the following terms to their descriptions:

The DNA profiling technique used in the Earl Washington case is based on the analysis of STR (Short Tandem Repeats) variations.

Which of the following is NOT a potential application of DNA profiling?

The high-throughput DNA sequencing machine shown in Figure 12.19 can process _____ bases in a 10-hour run.

What is the primary goal of bioinformatics?

Match the following individuals with their respective roles in the applications of DNA technology:

What is the primary method used to sequence entire genomes?

The Human Genome Project was completed in 2003 with 99.999% accuracy.

What is the name of the public database that stores sequenced DNA data?

The human genome includes approximately ______ nucleotide pairs.

Match the following scientists with their contributions to DNA sequencing:

Which of the following organisms was the first to have its complete genome sequenced?

The size of an organism's genome is directly proportional to its complexity.

What is a key application of genome sequencing in the field of medicine?

The human genome includes approximately ______ genes.

Which of the following techniques involves passing single DNA strands through a nanopore?

What is the primary focus of genomics?

Proteomics studies the full set of RNA molecules produced by a cell.

What is metagenomics and how is it applied?

Systems biology relies heavily on ______ and bioinformatics tools to model the dynamics of biological systems.

Match the following terms with their related fields:

Which of these is NOT a concern related to the use of genetically modified crops?

The European Union (EU) has wholeheartedly embraced the widespread adoption of genetically modified crops.

Describe two specific examples of safety measures used to minimize risks associated with DNA technology.

Which of the following is NOT a type of non-coding DNA found in the human genome?

The sequencing of the Neanderthal genome revealed no evidence of interbreeding with modern humans.

What is the primary function of the genes inherited from Neanderthals that influence keratin production?

Behcet's disease, a painful illness, is prevalent among individuals who live along the ancient ______.

Match the following terms related to the human genome with their correct descriptions:

The cost and time required for genome sequencing have significantly increased over the years.

What evidence suggests that Neanderthals and modern humans interbred?

Which of the following statements is TRUE about Behcet's disease?

Genetically modified (GM) plants can potentially contribute to the creation of 'superweeds', which are resistant to herbicides, diseases, or insect pests.

Which of the following is NOT a potential ethical concern raised by human DNA technologies?

What is a potential concern regarding the widespread use of GM seeds?

The Y chromosome, passed relatively unchanged from father to son, allows researchers to trace the ancestry of _____.

Match the following human DNA technology applications with their corresponding ethical concerns.

Which of the following statements about the Y chromosome is TRUE?

Genetic studies suggest that a significant proportion of men in central Asia share a common ancestor, potentially linking them to Genghis Khan.

What is the primary concern regarding the use of DNA profiling for crime solving?

What is the primary purpose of genetic engineering?

The first exploration of genetic engineering was through modern cloning techniques.

What role do plasmids play in genetic engineering?

The process of creating multiple copies of a gene is known as __________.

Match the following components with their respective roles in genetic engineering:

Which organism is commonly used as a workhorse in genetic engineering?

Gene transfer can only occur within the same species.

What is recombinant DNA?

What is the primary purpose of using genetically modified organisms in agriculture?

Genetically engineered human growth hormone (HGH) is effective for treating HGH deficiency in humans.

Name one crop that has been genetically modified to increase its nutritional value.

Genetically modified corn is resistant to the ____________, which reduces the need for chemical insecticides.

Which genetically modified animal grows twice as large and reaches market size in half the normal time?

Match the genetically modified crops with their respective benefits:

Bacteria are more difficult to manipulate than yeast for genetic modifications.

What type of proteins can yeast be modified to produce?

What is the primary function of restriction enzymes?

CRISPR-Cas9 can only recognize one specific DNA sequence.

What is Humulin?

The _____ enzyme is responsible for joining DNA fragments together after they have been cut.

Which of the following best describes the process of gene editing using CRISPR-Cas9?

Insulin from cows or pigs was a preferred choice for diabetes treatment due to its effectiveness and low allergenicity.

Cas9 operates like a _____, guided by the complementary RNA to pinpoint and cut target DNA.

What role do guide RNA molecules play in the CRISPR-Cas9 system?

What specific sequence does one restriction enzyme recognize?