WK 4: Intro to Genetics
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Questions and Answers

What is the total length of DNA in a single cell when stretched out?

  • 1m
  • 3m
  • 4m
  • 2m (correct)

What is the rate of DNA synthesis in replication?

  • 100bp/sec
  • 50bp/sec
  • 35bp/sec (correct)
  • 10bp/sec

What is the function of the enzyme Topoisomerase in DNA replication?

  • Synthesizing DNA primer
  • Undoing DNA supercoiling (correct)
  • Separating the DNA double strand
  • Adding bases to the new sequence

What is the purpose of Punnett Squares in genetics?

<p>To determine the genotype of offspring (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the process by which DNA is replicated?

<p>DNA replication (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the enzyme Ligase in DNA replication?

<p>Linking the bases of the new sequence together (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of Punnett Squares in genetics?

<p>To predict the probability of genetic inheritance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key aspect of Mendel's laws of genetic inheritance?

<p>Genetic traits are inherited in a predictable manner (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of enzymes involved in DNA replication?

<p>To unwind the double helix structure of DNA (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic shape of the DNA molecule?

<p>Helical (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of DNA replication?

<p>To transmit genetic information from one generation to the next (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of Mendel's laws in the context of genetics?

<p>They predict the probability of genetic inheritance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Gregor Mendel's study, what is the basis of a Punnett Square in predicting the chance of inheritance?

<p>The Law of Segregation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between Mendel's First Law and Second Law?

<p>The Law of Segregation describes the random chance of alleles passing from parents to offspring, while the Law of Independent Assortment describes the segregation of alleles on different chromosomes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did TH Morgan's work in the 1930s show?

<p>A minority of genes are linked on the same chromosome (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the 'particulate matter' that parents pass on to their offspring, as hypothesized by Gregor Mendel?

<p>Alleles (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of a Punnett Square?

<p>To predict the chance of inheritance of specific traits (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When was Gregor Mendel's work published, in relation to James Watson and Francis Crick's discovery of DNA structure?

<p>100 years before Watson and Crick's discovery (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between dominant and recessive alleles according to Mendel's Law of Dominance?

<p>Dominant alleles mask recessive alleles (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a Punnett Square?

<p>To determine the probability of certain traits (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ratio of purple to white flowers in the F1 generation if the purple allele is dominant?

<p>3 purple: 1 white (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of traits are controlled by multiple genes rather than a single gene with 2 alleles?

<p>Hair color and curliness (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the genotype of the parent in the Punnett Square if the offspring have a 1:3 ratio of YY:yy?

<p>Yy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the probability that David and Sally's offspring will be carriers of the cystic fibrosis mutant gene?

<p>100% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the probability that a child will be homozygous for the cystic fibrosis mutant gene if both parents are heterozygous for the gene?

<p>1/4 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Mendel's law of genetic inheritance, what is the probability that a trait will be expressed if an individual is heterozygous for that trait?

<p>50% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the sugar molecule found in the backbone of DNA?

<p>Deoxyribose (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the base pairing rule in DNA?

<p>A pairs with T, C pairs with G (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the direction in which a sequence of DNA bases is 'read'?

<p>From the 5’ end to the 3’ end (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the building blocks of DNA and RNA?

<p>Nucleotides (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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