16 Questions
What is the purpose of replicating DNA in a cell?
To produce proteins for cellular functions
Where are eukaryotic chromosomes housed?
Inside the nucleus
What is the function of the nucleoid in prokaryotic cells?
To protect the DNA
Why are chromosomes called 'chromosomes'?
Because they strongly stain with colorful dyes
What is the approximate length of DNA molecules in a single human cell?
2 meters
What is the main function of DNA packaging in a cell?
To fit and function within the cell structure
Which of the following components are found in each chromosome?
Protein and a single molecule of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
What is the size of the genome in Escherichia coli?
4.6 million base pairs
What is the function of plasmids in prokaryotes?
They carry additional genes such as resistance to antibiotic
What is the role of Heat unstable protein (HU) in prokaryotes?
It binds non-specifically to DNA and bends it
'Episome' refers to
The integrated plasmid
What is the term for the process introduced by topoisomerases to wind up DNA on itself and become more compacted?
Positive supercoiling
'Chromatin' refers to
The packaging of DNA by histones in eukaryotic cells
'Histones' perform various levels of DNA wrapping and attachment to scaffolding proteins in order to form:
'Nucleosome'
'Epigenetics' refers to the influence of environmental factors on:
'DNA packaging'
Which type of organisms have typically linear chromosomes and contain multiple distinct chromosomes?
Eukaryotes
Explore the organization of genetic material, DNA, and its role in replication and protein production. Learn about the specific packaging and protection mechanisms for DNA molecules, and the significance of DNA length in cells.
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