Gel Electrophoresis in Paternity Tests: DNA Analysis Quiz and Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

Explain how the analysis of STR loci helped determine that the suspected father is not the biological father of Child 3?

At D8, the father does not have either 10 or 15 repeat alleles. At D21, the father does not have the 30 repeat allele that the child has. Since some STRs do not come from the suspected father, another individual must be the biological father of Child 3.

How can partial DNA matches be used in crime scenes to identify close relatives of the individual?

Partial DNA matches in crime scenes imply that the DNA belongs to a close relative of the individual.

What does a full DNA match in crime scene analysis suggest about the likelihood of the DNA belonging to the individual?

A full DNA match in crime scene analysis suggests a high likelihood that the DNA belongs to the individual.

Explain the significance of inheritance patterns in DNA profiling and parentage determination.

Inheritance patterns in DNA profiling help establish biological relationships between individuals by analyzing the transmission of genetic markers from parents to offspring. Signup and view all the answers

How does the analysis of specific alleles at STR loci contribute to determining the biological father of a child?

By comparing the alleles at specific STR loci between the child and the suspected father, discrepancies can reveal non-paternity and indicate the presence of another biological father. Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to analyze multiple STR loci in DNA profiling for parentage determination?

Analyzing multiple STR loci increases the accuracy and reliability of determining parentage by providing a comprehensive genetic profile for comparison. Signup and view all the answers

What are the steps involved in generating and analyzing a DNA gel for a paternity case?

Identify DNA bands from the mother in the child's profile, match remaining bands with potential fathers, use colors for matching, and analyze the results. Signup and view all the answers

How can DNA bands from the child be matched with those of potential fathers in a paternity case?

By noting that 50% of the child's DNA comes from the mother and 50% from the father, then matching the remaining bands with the father's sample. Signup and view all the answers

In paternity testing, why is it important to match the child's DNA bands with those of potential fathers?

Because 50% of the child's DNA comes from the mother and 50% from the father, so the remaining bands should match with the father's sample. Signup and view all the answers

How can colors be used in DNA gel analysis for matching the child's bands with the correct father's band?

Colors can be used to visually match the child's remaining bands with the corresponding bands in the father's sample. Signup and view all the answers

Explain how a similar technique used in paternity testing can be applied in forensic cases.

By using the victim's blood and the possible suspects' samples to match an unknown sample found at a crime scene. Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of obtaining partial or complete matches in DNA profiling at crime scenes?

Partial or complete matches help in linking suspects to crime scenes or identifying individuals involved in criminal activities. Signup and view all the answers

Identify which parent each marker came from for Child 1, 2, and 3 at STR locus D3.

Child 1: Mother and Father, Child 2: Mother and Father, Child 3: Mother and Father Signup and view all the answers

What conclusion can you draw about Child 3? Provide evidence for your response.

Child 3 has one allele from the mother and one allele from the father at STR locus D3. The 14 repeat allele is from the mother, and the 16 repeat allele is from the father. Signup and view all the answers

Explain the process of determining the biological father using STR loci analysis.

Biological father determination using STR loci analysis involves comparing the child's STR profiles with those of the potential fathers to identify who shares the most matching alleles with the child. Signup and view all the answers

How can partial DNA matches be useful in crime scenes?

Partial DNA matches in crime scenes can help narrow down suspects by indicating individuals who share some genetic similarities with the DNA found at the crime scene. Signup and view all the answers

Discuss the significance of DNA profiling in crime scenes.

DNA profiling in crime scenes is crucial for identifying suspects, exonerating the innocent, linking crimes, and providing valuable forensic evidence in criminal investigations. Signup and view all the answers

Explain the concept of parental DNA inheritance in the context of genetic analysis.

Parental DNA inheritance refers to the transmission of genetic material from parents to offspring, where children inherit half of their DNA from each parent, leading to a unique genetic combination. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Paternity Testing

Identify an unknown child by identifying DNA bands (size and location) from the mother that appears in the child's DNA profile.
Match the remaining bands with one of the unknown samples from different male possibilities.
50% of the DNA inherited in the child comes from the mother and 50% from the father.
Remaining bands should match with the unknown father's sample.
Colours can be used to match the child's remaining bands to the correct father's band.

DNA Manipulation Techniques and Applications

Individuals can have large variations in STRs across various sites.
STR profiles can be used to identify which parent each marker came from.

Analyzing STRs

Examine each child individually at STR locus D3.
Identify which parent each marker came from for Child 1, 2, and 3 at STR locus D3.
Draw conclusions about Child 3 based on the STR profiles.

STRs in Crime Scenes

DNA identified through STRs may be a full or partial match in crime scenes.
A full match suggests a high likelihood that the DNA belongs to that individual.
Partial matches imply that the DNA belongs to a close relative.

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Description

Learn about the steps involved in generating and analysing a DNA gel for a paternity case, including identifying DNA bands from parents and matching them with the child's DNA profile. Understand how DNA inheritance works and how it is used in paternity testing.

DNA Gel Electrophoresis in Paternity Testing